TY - JOUR

T1 - Improving the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose-copper (II) oxide (CNC-CuO) as a lubricant additives

T2 - A novel nanolubricant for tribology application

AU - Kamal Kamarulzaman, M.

AU - Hisham, S.

AU - Kadirgama, K.

AU - Ramasamy, D.

AU - Samykano, M.

AU - Saidur, R.

AU - Yusaf, T.

N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Fuel. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Fuel, 332, 2, 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126229

PY - 2023/1/15

Y1 - 2023/1/15

N2 - The primary objective of the present analysis is to investigate the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose and copper (II) oxide nanoparticles added to engine oil as a lubricant for piston ring-cylinder liner application. Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index (VI) and dynamic viscosity have been performed for measurement of properties at varying temperatures (ranging from 30 °C to 90 °C) and different concentrations (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.9 % volume concentration). Thermal characteristics have been measured using similar temperatures and concentrations to determine thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. In the results, as the concentration of the CNC-CuO nanoparticle increases, the VI also increases. This proves the combination of CNC-CuO particles with engine oil improves the lubricity of the base oil concerning its viscosity by 44.3 %-47.12 %. The lowest and highest improvements in the dynamic viscosity were 1.34 % and 74.81 %. The highest increment of thermal conductivity ratio for the selected nanolubricant was 1.80566 % in the solid concentration of 0.1 % at 90 °C. The specific heat capacity of nanolubricant tends to reduce slightly with an increase in temperature. Overall, the addition of CNC-CuO nanoparticle in the engine improved thermophysical properties behaviour's performance at 0.5 % concentration. The results can benefit the heat transfer application, especially tribological.

AB - The primary objective of the present analysis is to investigate the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose and copper (II) oxide nanoparticles added to engine oil as a lubricant for piston ring-cylinder liner application. Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index (VI) and dynamic viscosity have been performed for measurement of properties at varying temperatures (ranging from 30 °C to 90 °C) and different concentrations (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.9 % volume concentration). Thermal characteristics have been measured using similar temperatures and concentrations to determine thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. In the results, as the concentration of the CNC-CuO nanoparticle increases, the VI also increases. This proves the combination of CNC-CuO particles with engine oil improves the lubricity of the base oil concerning its viscosity by 44.3 %-47.12 %. The lowest and highest improvements in the dynamic viscosity were 1.34 % and 74.81 %. The highest increment of thermal conductivity ratio for the selected nanolubricant was 1.80566 % in the solid concentration of 0.1 % at 90 °C. The specific heat capacity of nanolubricant tends to reduce slightly with an increase in temperature. Overall, the addition of CNC-CuO nanoparticle in the engine improved thermophysical properties behaviour's performance at 0.5 % concentration. The results can benefit the heat transfer application, especially tribological.

KW - Copper (II) oxide

KW - Nanocellulose

KW - Nanolubricant

KW - Thermophysical properties

U2 - 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126229

DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126229

M3 - Journal article

VL - 332

JO - Fuel

JF - Fuel

SN - 0016-2361

IS - 2

M1 - 126229

ER -