MXene, a recently created nanomaterial, offers significant potential for thermal, electrical, and a variety of other uses. MXene was utilized to generate heat transfer nanofluids with improved thermophysical properties for thermal applications and to establish the optimal parameters for achieving the best thermal performance. In this study, a palm oil/MXene nanofluid was used as the heat transfer fluid in a circular pipe to evaluate its thermal impact at different Reynolds numbers and applied heat fluxes at a range of introduced MXene nanoparticles’ concentrations. Thermal conductivity and viscosity were shown to be linked to temperature and nanoparticle concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.1 mass%. The influence of concerted MXene nanoparticles (0.01 to 0.1 mass%) on the behavior of the PO/MXene nanofluid was studied using CFD simulations at various flow Reynolds numbers (2,500–5,000) and wall heat fluxes (40,000–90,000 W.m−2). The results indicate that increasing the nanoparticle concentration resulted in higher heat transfer coefficients and lower Nusselt numbers. MXene nanoparticles were more efficient at lowering the wall temperature and increasing the pace of cooling when applied at larger heat fluxes and lower Re numbers. The results reported in this article indicate that MXene nanomaterials have a strong potential for overcoming the low heat transfer difficulties encountered in heat exchange systems.