The discussion draws upon core aspects of microeconomics and macroeconomics. Relevant comparisons are between (a) analyses as respectively introduced by Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes, and (b) analyses constrained by Islamic religious law (Sharia) as interpreted and developed by Islamic scholars.

The views here reported reflect conversations at the conference ‘Mainstreaming Islamic Economics in Islamic Banking and Finance’ held at the Markfield Institute of Higher Education, Leicestershire, UK, in July 2023. The discussion also draws from Steele (2022) and Koehler (2023).