TY - JOUR

T1 - Lithiation phase behaviors of metal oxide anodes and extra capacities

AU - Hua, Xiao

AU - Allan, Phoebe K.

AU - Geddes, Harry S.

AU - Castillo-Martínez, Elizabeth

AU - Chater, Philip A.

AU - Dean, Thomas S.

AU - Minelli, Arianna

AU - Bruce, Peter G.

AU - Goodwin, Andrew L.

PY - 2021/9/22

Y1 - 2021/9/22

N2 - Binary metal oxides have received sustained interest as anode materials due to their desirable capacities, exceeding theoretical values particularly in the first discharge. Although they have received increasing attention in recent years, topical debates persist regarding not only their lithiation mechanisms but also the origin of additional capacity. Aiming to resolve these disagreements, we perform a systematic study of a series of iron and manganese oxides to investigate their phase behavior during first discharge. Using a combination of in operando pair distribution function measurements and our recently developed Metropolis non-negative matrix factorization approach to address the analytical challenges concerning materials’ nanoscopic nature and phase heterogeneity, here we report unexpected observation of non-equilibrium FeOx solid-solution phases and pulverization of MnO. These processes are correlated with the extra capacities observed at different depths of discharge, pointing to a metal-dependent nature of this additional capacity and demonstrating the advantage of our approach with promising prospects for diverse applications.

AB - Binary metal oxides have received sustained interest as anode materials due to their desirable capacities, exceeding theoretical values particularly in the first discharge. Although they have received increasing attention in recent years, topical debates persist regarding not only their lithiation mechanisms but also the origin of additional capacity. Aiming to resolve these disagreements, we perform a systematic study of a series of iron and manganese oxides to investigate their phase behavior during first discharge. Using a combination of in operando pair distribution function measurements and our recently developed Metropolis non-negative matrix factorization approach to address the analytical challenges concerning materials’ nanoscopic nature and phase heterogeneity, here we report unexpected observation of non-equilibrium FeOx solid-solution phases and pulverization of MnO. These processes are correlated with the extra capacities observed at different depths of discharge, pointing to a metal-dependent nature of this additional capacity and demonstrating the advantage of our approach with promising prospects for diverse applications.

KW - ELECTRODE MATERIALS

KW - metal oxides

KW - pair distribution function

KW - Lithium-ion batteries

U2 - 10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100543

DO - 10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100543

M3 - Journal article

VL - 2

JO - Cell Reports Physical Science

JF - Cell Reports Physical Science

IS - 9

M1 - 100543

ER -