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  • Minimize CO2e Emissions by Setting Road Toll Submitted

    Rights statement: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 44, 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2015.12.019

    Accepted author manuscript, 847 KB, PDF document

    Available under license: CC BY-NC-ND: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License

  • Minimize CO2e Emissions by Setting Road Toll Submitted

    847 KB, PDF document

    Available under license: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

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Minimizing CO2e emissions by setting a road toll

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

Published
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>05/2016
<mark>Journal</mark>Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
Volume44
Number of pages13
Pages (from-to)1-13
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date27/02/16
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a bi-level pricing model to minimize the CO2e emissions and the total travel time in a small road network. In the lower level of the model, it is assumed that users of the road network find a dynamic user equilibrium which minimises the total costs of those in the system. For the higher level of the model, different road toll strategies are applied in order to minimize the CO2e emissions. The model has been applied to an illustrative example. It shows the effects on traffic flows, revenues, total time and CO2e emissions for different numbers of servers collecting tolls and different pricing strategies over a morning peak traffic period. The results show that the CO2e emissions produced can be significantly affected by the number of servers and the type of toll strategy employed. The model is also used to find the best toll strategy when there is a constraint on the revenue that is required to be raised from the toll and how this affects the emissions produced. Further runs compare strategies to minimize the CO2e emissions with those that minimize total travel time in the road system. In the illustrative example, the results for minimizing CO2e emissions are shown to be similar to the results obtained from minimizing the total travel time.

Bibliographic note

This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 44, 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2015.12.019