TY - JOUR

T1 - Mobility Aware Blockchain Enabled Offloading and Scheduling in Vehicular Fog Cloud Computing

AU - Lakhan, Abdullah

AU - Ahmad, Muneer

AU - Bilal, Muhammad

AU - Jolfaei, Alireza

AU - Mehmood, Raja Majid

PY - 2021/7/31

Y1 - 2021/7/31

N2 - The development of vehicular Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as E-Transport, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Reality are growing progressively. The mobility aware services and network-based security are fundamental requirements of these applications. However, multi-side offloading enabling blockchain and cost-efficient scheduling in heterogeneous vehicular fog cloud nodes network become a challenging task. The study formulates this problem as a convex optimization problem, where all constraints are the convex set. The goal of the study is to minimize communication cost and computation cost of applications under mobility, security, deadline, and resource constraints. Initially, we propose a novel vehicular fog cloud network (VFCN) which consists of different components and heterogeneous computing nodes. The ensure mobility privacy, the study devises Mobility Aware Blockchain-Enabled offloading scheme (MABOS). It extends blockchain enable multi-side offloading (e.g., offline offloading and online offloading) with proof of work (PoW), proof of creditability (PoC) and fault-tolerant techniques. The purpose is to offload all tasks under the secure network without any violation. Furthermore, to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) of applications, this work suggests linear search based task scheduling (LSBTS) method, which maps all tasks onto appropriate computing nodes. The experimental results show that devise schemes outperform all existing baseline approaches to the considered problem.

AB - The development of vehicular Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as E-Transport, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Reality are growing progressively. The mobility aware services and network-based security are fundamental requirements of these applications. However, multi-side offloading enabling blockchain and cost-efficient scheduling in heterogeneous vehicular fog cloud nodes network become a challenging task. The study formulates this problem as a convex optimization problem, where all constraints are the convex set. The goal of the study is to minimize communication cost and computation cost of applications under mobility, security, deadline, and resource constraints. Initially, we propose a novel vehicular fog cloud network (VFCN) which consists of different components and heterogeneous computing nodes. The ensure mobility privacy, the study devises Mobility Aware Blockchain-Enabled offloading scheme (MABOS). It extends blockchain enable multi-side offloading (e.g., offline offloading and online offloading) with proof of work (PoW), proof of creditability (PoC) and fault-tolerant techniques. The purpose is to offload all tasks under the secure network without any violation. Furthermore, to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) of applications, this work suggests linear search based task scheduling (LSBTS) method, which maps all tasks onto appropriate computing nodes. The experimental results show that devise schemes outperform all existing baseline approaches to the considered problem.

KW - Internet of Things

KW - mobility

KW - system costs

KW - task deadline

KW - Task offloading

KW - task scheduling

KW - VFCN

U2 - 10.1109/TITS.2021.3056461

DO - 10.1109/TITS.2021.3056461

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85101270907

VL - 22

SP - 4212

EP - 4223

JO - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

JF - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

SN - 1524-9050

IS - 7

M1 - 9356491

ER -