Rights statement: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Hazardous Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Hazardous Materials, 419, 2021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126421
Accepted author manuscript, 1.21 MB, PDF document
Available under license: CC BY-NC-ND: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Nickel in soil and water
T2 - Sources, biogeochemistry, and remediation using biochar
AU - El-Naggar, A.
AU - Ahmed, N.
AU - Mosa, A.
AU - Niazi, N.K.
AU - Yousaf, B.
AU - Sharma, A.
AU - Sarkar, B.
AU - Cai, Y.
AU - Chang, S.X.
N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Hazardous Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Hazardous Materials, 419, 2021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126421
PY - 2021/10/5
Y1 - 2021/10/5
N2 - Nickel (Ni) is a potentially toxic element that contaminates soil and water, threatens food and water security, and hinders sustainable development globally. Biochar has emerged as a promising novel material for remediating Ni-contaminated environments. However, the potential for pristine and functionalized biochars to immobilize/adsorb Ni in soil and water, and the mechanisms involved have not been systematically reviewed. Here, we critically review the different dimensions of Ni contamination and remediation in soil and water, including its occurrence and biogeochemical behavior under different environmental conditions and ecotoxicological hazards, and its remediation using biochar. Biochar is effective in immobilizing Ni in soil and water via ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, (co)precipitation, physical adsorption, and reduction due to the biogeochemistry of Ni and the interaction of Ni with surface functional groups and organic/inorganic compounds contained in biochar. The efficiency for Ni removal is consistently greater with functionalized than pristine biochars. Physical (e.g., ball milling) and chemical (e.g., alkali/acidic treatment) activation achieve higher surface area, porosity, and active surface groups on biochar that enhance Ni immobilization. This review highlights possible risks and challenges of biochar application in Ni remediation, suggests future research directions, and discusses implications for environmental agencies and decision-makers.
AB - Nickel (Ni) is a potentially toxic element that contaminates soil and water, threatens food and water security, and hinders sustainable development globally. Biochar has emerged as a promising novel material for remediating Ni-contaminated environments. However, the potential for pristine and functionalized biochars to immobilize/adsorb Ni in soil and water, and the mechanisms involved have not been systematically reviewed. Here, we critically review the different dimensions of Ni contamination and remediation in soil and water, including its occurrence and biogeochemical behavior under different environmental conditions and ecotoxicological hazards, and its remediation using biochar. Biochar is effective in immobilizing Ni in soil and water via ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, (co)precipitation, physical adsorption, and reduction due to the biogeochemistry of Ni and the interaction of Ni with surface functional groups and organic/inorganic compounds contained in biochar. The efficiency for Ni removal is consistently greater with functionalized than pristine biochars. Physical (e.g., ball milling) and chemical (e.g., alkali/acidic treatment) activation achieve higher surface area, porosity, and active surface groups on biochar that enhance Ni immobilization. This review highlights possible risks and challenges of biochar application in Ni remediation, suggests future research directions, and discusses implications for environmental agencies and decision-makers.
KW - Charcoal
KW - Immobilization
KW - Soil contamination
KW - Sorption
KW - Toxic trace element
KW - Wastewater
KW - Activated carbon
KW - Ball milling
KW - Biogeochemistry
KW - Contamination
KW - Decision making
KW - Nickel
KW - Pelletizing
KW - Soil pollution
KW - Sustainable development
KW - Trace elements
KW - Wastewater treatment
KW - Bio chars
KW - Food security
KW - Functionalized
KW - Immobilisation
KW - Potentially toxic elements
KW - Soil and water
KW - Toxic trace elements
KW - Water security
KW - Water source
KW - Soils
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126421
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126421
M3 - Journal article
VL - 419
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
SN - 0304-3894
M1 - 126421
ER -