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  • https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS004192

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Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement. / Gao, Yang; Kou, Wenbin; Cheng, Wenxuan et al.
In: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 17, No. 3, e2023MS004192, 31.03.2025.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Gao, Y, Kou, W, Cheng, W, Guo, X, Qu, B, Wu, Y, Zhang, S, Liao, H, Chen, D, Leung, LR, Wild, O, Zhang, J, Lin, G, Su, H, Cheng, Y, Pöschl, U, Pozzer, A, Zhang, L, Lamarque, J-F, Guenther, AB, Brasseur, G, Liu, Z, Lu, H, Li, C, Zhao, B, Wang, S, Huang, X, Pan, J, Liu, G, Liu, X, Lin, H, Zhao, Y, Zhao, C, Meng, J, Yao, X, Gao, H & Wu, L 2025, 'Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement', Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17, no. 3, e2023MS004192. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS004192

APA

Gao, Y., Kou, W., Cheng, W., Guo, X., Qu, B., Wu, Y., Zhang, S., Liao, H., Chen, D., Leung, L. R., Wild, O., Zhang, J., Lin, G., Su, H., Cheng, Y., Pöschl, U., Pozzer, A., Zhang, L., Lamarque, J.-F., ... Wu, L. (2025). Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 17(3), Article e2023MS004192. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS004192

Vancouver

Gao Y, Kou W, Cheng W, Guo X, Qu B, Wu Y et al. Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2025 Mar 31;17(3):e2023MS004192. Epub 2025 Mar 8. doi: 10.1029/2023MS004192

Author

Gao, Yang ; Kou, Wenbin ; Cheng, Wenxuan et al. / Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement. In: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2025 ; Vol. 17, No. 3.

Bibtex

@article{8335b99b99604c3096e85f16b9c94b4d,
title = "Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement",
abstract = "The overestimation of surface ozone concentration in low-resolution global atmospheric chemistry and climate models has been a long-standing issue. We first update the ozone dry deposition scheme in both high- (0.25°) and low-resolution (1°) Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.3 runs, by adding the effects of leaf area index and correcting the sunlit and shaded fractions of stomatal resistances. With this update, 5-year-long summer simulations (2015–2019) using the low-resolution CESM still exhibit substantial ozone overestimation (by 6.0–16.2 ppbv) over the U.S., Europe, eastern China, and ozone pollution hotspots. The ozone dry deposition scheme is further improved by adjusting the leaf cuticle conductance, reducing the mean ozone bias by 19 and increasing the model resolution further reduces the ozone overestimation by 43 revealing distinctive pathways in urban versus rural areas. In rural areas, grid spacing mainly affects daytime ozone levels, where additional NOx emissions from nearby urban areas result in an ozone boost and overestimation in low-resolution simulations. In contrast, over urban areas, daytime ozone overestimation follows a similar mechanism due to the influence of volatile organic compounds from surrounding rural areas. However, nighttime ozone overestimation is closely linked to weakened NO titration owing to the redistribution of urban NOx to rural areas. Additionally, stratosphere-troposphere exchange may also contribute to reducing ozone bias in high-resolution simulations, warranting further investigation. This optimized high-resolution CESM may enhance understanding of ozone formation mechanisms, sources, and changes in a warming climate.",
keywords = "high-resolution Earth system model, surface ozone simulation, ozone bias in global models, ozone dry deposition",
author = "Yang Gao and Wenbin Kou and Wenxuan Cheng and Xiuwen Guo and Binglin Qu and Yubing Wu and Shaoqing Zhang and Hong Liao and Deliang Chen and Leung, {L. Ruby} and Oliver Wild and Junxi Zhang and Guangxing Lin and Hang Su and Yafang Cheng and Ulrich P{\"o}schl and Andrea Pozzer and Leiming Zhang and Jean-Francois Lamarque and Guenther, {Alex B.} and Guy Brasseur and Zhao Liu and Haitian Lu and Chenlin Li and Bin Zhao and Shuxiao Wang and Xin Huang and Jingshan Pan and Guangliang Liu and Xin Liu and Haipeng Lin and Yuanhong Zhao and Chun Zhao and Junlei Meng and Xiaohong Yao and Huiwang Gao and Lixin Wu",
year = "2025",
month = mar,
day = "31",
doi = "10.1029/2023MS004192",
language = "English",
volume = "17",
journal = "Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems",
issn = "1942-2466",
publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Reducing Long-Standing Surface Ozone Overestimation in Earth System Modeling by High-Resolution Simulation and Dry Deposition Improvement

AU - Gao, Yang

AU - Kou, Wenbin

AU - Cheng, Wenxuan

AU - Guo, Xiuwen

AU - Qu, Binglin

AU - Wu, Yubing

AU - Zhang, Shaoqing

AU - Liao, Hong

AU - Chen, Deliang

AU - Leung, L. Ruby

AU - Wild, Oliver

AU - Zhang, Junxi

AU - Lin, Guangxing

AU - Su, Hang

AU - Cheng, Yafang

AU - Pöschl, Ulrich

AU - Pozzer, Andrea

AU - Zhang, Leiming

AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois

AU - Guenther, Alex B.

AU - Brasseur, Guy

AU - Liu, Zhao

AU - Lu, Haitian

AU - Li, Chenlin

AU - Zhao, Bin

AU - Wang, Shuxiao

AU - Huang, Xin

AU - Pan, Jingshan

AU - Liu, Guangliang

AU - Liu, Xin

AU - Lin, Haipeng

AU - Zhao, Yuanhong

AU - Zhao, Chun

AU - Meng, Junlei

AU - Yao, Xiaohong

AU - Gao, Huiwang

AU - Wu, Lixin

PY - 2025/3/31

Y1 - 2025/3/31

N2 - The overestimation of surface ozone concentration in low-resolution global atmospheric chemistry and climate models has been a long-standing issue. We first update the ozone dry deposition scheme in both high- (0.25°) and low-resolution (1°) Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.3 runs, by adding the effects of leaf area index and correcting the sunlit and shaded fractions of stomatal resistances. With this update, 5-year-long summer simulations (2015–2019) using the low-resolution CESM still exhibit substantial ozone overestimation (by 6.0–16.2 ppbv) over the U.S., Europe, eastern China, and ozone pollution hotspots. The ozone dry deposition scheme is further improved by adjusting the leaf cuticle conductance, reducing the mean ozone bias by 19 and increasing the model resolution further reduces the ozone overestimation by 43 revealing distinctive pathways in urban versus rural areas. In rural areas, grid spacing mainly affects daytime ozone levels, where additional NOx emissions from nearby urban areas result in an ozone boost and overestimation in low-resolution simulations. In contrast, over urban areas, daytime ozone overestimation follows a similar mechanism due to the influence of volatile organic compounds from surrounding rural areas. However, nighttime ozone overestimation is closely linked to weakened NO titration owing to the redistribution of urban NOx to rural areas. Additionally, stratosphere-troposphere exchange may also contribute to reducing ozone bias in high-resolution simulations, warranting further investigation. This optimized high-resolution CESM may enhance understanding of ozone formation mechanisms, sources, and changes in a warming climate.

AB - The overestimation of surface ozone concentration in low-resolution global atmospheric chemistry and climate models has been a long-standing issue. We first update the ozone dry deposition scheme in both high- (0.25°) and low-resolution (1°) Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.3 runs, by adding the effects of leaf area index and correcting the sunlit and shaded fractions of stomatal resistances. With this update, 5-year-long summer simulations (2015–2019) using the low-resolution CESM still exhibit substantial ozone overestimation (by 6.0–16.2 ppbv) over the U.S., Europe, eastern China, and ozone pollution hotspots. The ozone dry deposition scheme is further improved by adjusting the leaf cuticle conductance, reducing the mean ozone bias by 19 and increasing the model resolution further reduces the ozone overestimation by 43 revealing distinctive pathways in urban versus rural areas. In rural areas, grid spacing mainly affects daytime ozone levels, where additional NOx emissions from nearby urban areas result in an ozone boost and overestimation in low-resolution simulations. In contrast, over urban areas, daytime ozone overestimation follows a similar mechanism due to the influence of volatile organic compounds from surrounding rural areas. However, nighttime ozone overestimation is closely linked to weakened NO titration owing to the redistribution of urban NOx to rural areas. Additionally, stratosphere-troposphere exchange may also contribute to reducing ozone bias in high-resolution simulations, warranting further investigation. This optimized high-resolution CESM may enhance understanding of ozone formation mechanisms, sources, and changes in a warming climate.

KW - high-resolution Earth system model

KW - surface ozone simulation

KW - ozone bias in global models

KW - ozone dry deposition

U2 - 10.1029/2023MS004192

DO - 10.1029/2023MS004192

M3 - Journal article

VL - 17

JO - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

SN - 1942-2466

IS - 3

M1 - e2023MS004192

ER -