Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Relating freshwater organic matter fluorescence to organic carbon removal efficiency in drinking water treatment
AU - Bieroza, Magdalena
AU - Baker, Andy
AU - Bridgeman, John
PY - 2009/2/15
Y1 - 2009/2/15
N2 - Monthly raw and clarified water samples were obtained for 16 UK surface water treatment works. The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) technique was used for the assessment of total organic carbon (TOC) removal and organic matter (OM) characterisation. The impact of algae presence in water on TOC removal, and its relationship with fluorescence, was analysed. Fluorescence peak C intensity was found to be a sensitive and reliable measure of OM content. Fluorescence peak C emission wavelength and peak T intensity (reflecting the degree of hydrophobicity and the microbial fraction, respectively) were found to characterize the OM; the impact of both on TOC removal efficiency was apparent. OM fluorescence properties were shown to predict TOC removal, and identify spatial and temporal variations. Previous work indicates that the trihalomethane (THM) concentration of treated water can be predicted from the raw water TOC concentration. The simplicity, sensitivity, speed of analysis and low cost, combined with potential for incorporation into on-line monitoring systems, mean that fluorescence spectroscopy offers a robust analytical technique to be used in conjunction with, or in place of, other approaches to OM characterisation and THM formation prediction. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
AB - Monthly raw and clarified water samples were obtained for 16 UK surface water treatment works. The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) technique was used for the assessment of total organic carbon (TOC) removal and organic matter (OM) characterisation. The impact of algae presence in water on TOC removal, and its relationship with fluorescence, was analysed. Fluorescence peak C intensity was found to be a sensitive and reliable measure of OM content. Fluorescence peak C emission wavelength and peak T intensity (reflecting the degree of hydrophobicity and the microbial fraction, respectively) were found to characterize the OM; the impact of both on TOC removal efficiency was apparent. OM fluorescence properties were shown to predict TOC removal, and identify spatial and temporal variations. Previous work indicates that the trihalomethane (THM) concentration of treated water can be predicted from the raw water TOC concentration. The simplicity, sensitivity, speed of analysis and low cost, combined with potential for incorporation into on-line monitoring systems, mean that fluorescence spectroscopy offers a robust analytical technique to be used in conjunction with, or in place of, other approaches to OM characterisation and THM formation prediction. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW - Total organic carbon removal
KW - Trihalomethanes
KW - Fluorescence
KW - Organic matter
KW - DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS
KW - OPTICAL-PROPERTIES
KW - MOLECULAR-WEIGHT
KW - SURFACE WATERS
KW - SPECTROSCOPY
KW - COAGULATION
KW - MODEL
KW - EXCITATION
KW - DOM
KW - TRIHALOMETHANES
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.013
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.013
M3 - Journal article
VL - 407
SP - 1765
EP - 1774
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
SN - 0048-9697
IS - 5
ER -