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Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions. / Woodcock, Ben A.; Heard, Matthew S.; Jitlal, Mark S. et al.
In: Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 53, 10.2016, p. 1358-1362.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Woodcock, BA, Heard, MS, Jitlal, MS, Rundlof, M, Bullock, JM, Shore, RF & Pywell, RF 2016, 'Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions', Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 53, pp. 1358-1362. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12676

APA

Woodcock, B. A., Heard, M. S., Jitlal, M. S., Rundlof, M., Bullock, J. M., Shore, R. F., & Pywell, R. F. (2016). Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions. Journal of Applied Ecology, 53, 1358-1362. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12676

Vancouver

Woodcock BA, Heard MS, Jitlal MS, Rundlof M, Bullock JM, Shore RF et al. Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2016 Oct;53:1358-1362. Epub 2016 May 16. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12676

Author

Woodcock, Ben A. ; Heard, Matthew S. ; Jitlal, Mark S. et al. / Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions. In: Journal of Applied Ecology. 2016 ; Vol. 53. pp. 1358-1362.

Bibtex

@article{e90d198fd3b94c19ab6b62040fd77c1f,
title = "Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions",
abstract = "SummaryHoneybees have world-wide importance as crop pollinators. To ensure their persistence in agricultural systems, statistically robust field trials of plant protection products are vital.We consider the implications of regulations from the European Food Safety Authority that require the detection of a 7% effect size change in bee colony sizes under field conditions.Based on a power analysis, we argue that the necessary levels of replication (68 replicates) may pose practical constraints to field testing.Policy implications. Regulatory studies benefit from data sources collated over a range of spatial scales, from laboratory to landscapes. Basing effect size thresholds solely on expert judgement, as has been done, may be inappropriate. Rather, definition through experimental or simulation studies that assess the biological consequences of changes in colony size for bee populations is required. This has implications for regulatory bodies outside the European Union.",
keywords = "agriculture, bumblebees, experimental design, honeybees, neonicotinoids, pesticides, pollinators, regulatory risk assessment, statistical power testing",
author = "Woodcock, {Ben A.} and Heard, {Matthew S.} and Jitlal, {Mark S.} and Maj Rundlof and Bullock, {James M.} and Shore, {Richard Francis} and Pywell, {Richard F.}",
year = "2016",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1111/1365-2664.12676",
language = "English",
volume = "53",
pages = "1358--1362",
journal = "Journal of Applied Ecology",
issn = "0021-8901",
publisher = "Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Replication, effect sizes and identifying the biological impacts of pesticides on bees under field conditions

AU - Woodcock, Ben A.

AU - Heard, Matthew S.

AU - Jitlal, Mark S.

AU - Rundlof, Maj

AU - Bullock, James M.

AU - Shore, Richard Francis

AU - Pywell, Richard F.

PY - 2016/10

Y1 - 2016/10

N2 - SummaryHoneybees have world-wide importance as crop pollinators. To ensure their persistence in agricultural systems, statistically robust field trials of plant protection products are vital.We consider the implications of regulations from the European Food Safety Authority that require the detection of a 7% effect size change in bee colony sizes under field conditions.Based on a power analysis, we argue that the necessary levels of replication (68 replicates) may pose practical constraints to field testing.Policy implications. Regulatory studies benefit from data sources collated over a range of spatial scales, from laboratory to landscapes. Basing effect size thresholds solely on expert judgement, as has been done, may be inappropriate. Rather, definition through experimental or simulation studies that assess the biological consequences of changes in colony size for bee populations is required. This has implications for regulatory bodies outside the European Union.

AB - SummaryHoneybees have world-wide importance as crop pollinators. To ensure their persistence in agricultural systems, statistically robust field trials of plant protection products are vital.We consider the implications of regulations from the European Food Safety Authority that require the detection of a 7% effect size change in bee colony sizes under field conditions.Based on a power analysis, we argue that the necessary levels of replication (68 replicates) may pose practical constraints to field testing.Policy implications. Regulatory studies benefit from data sources collated over a range of spatial scales, from laboratory to landscapes. Basing effect size thresholds solely on expert judgement, as has been done, may be inappropriate. Rather, definition through experimental or simulation studies that assess the biological consequences of changes in colony size for bee populations is required. This has implications for regulatory bodies outside the European Union.

KW - agriculture

KW - bumblebees

KW - experimental design

KW - honeybees

KW - neonicotinoids

KW - pesticides

KW - pollinators

KW - regulatory risk assessment

KW - statistical power testing

U2 - 10.1111/1365-2664.12676

DO - 10.1111/1365-2664.12676

M3 - Journal article

VL - 53

SP - 1358

EP - 1362

JO - Journal of Applied Ecology

JF - Journal of Applied Ecology

SN - 0021-8901

ER -