Final published version
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Second Blood Meal by Female Lutzomyia longipalpis
T2 - Enhancement by Oviposition and Its Effects on Digestion, Longevity, and Leishmania Infection
AU - Moraes, C. S.
AU - Aguiar-Martins, K.
AU - Bates, P. A.
AU - Dillon, R. J.
AU - Genta, F. A.
PY - 2018/3/25
Y1 - 2018/3/25
N2 - Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in America. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of Leishmania infection in sand flies have been studied during the first gonotrophic cycle. There are few studies about these interactions during the second gonotrophic cycle mainly because of the difficulties maintaining sand flies through sequential feeds. Here we standardized conditions to perform the second blood feed efficiently, and our results show that oviposition is an essential factor for the success of multiple feeds. We evaluated the impact of the second blood meal on longevity, protein digestion, trypsin activity, and Leishmania mexicana development within L. longipalpis gut. Mortality of blood-fed females increases after second blood meal as compared to sugar-fed females. Trypsin activity was lower during the second gonotrophic cycle. However, no difference in protein intake was observed between blood meals. There was no difference in the population size of Leishmania in the gut after both blood meals. In this work, we presented an optimized protocol for obtaining sufficient numbers of sand fly females fed on a second blood meal, and we described some physiological and parasitological aspects of the second gonotrophic cycle which might influence the vectorial competence of sand flies.
AB - Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in America. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of Leishmania infection in sand flies have been studied during the first gonotrophic cycle. There are few studies about these interactions during the second gonotrophic cycle mainly because of the difficulties maintaining sand flies through sequential feeds. Here we standardized conditions to perform the second blood feed efficiently, and our results show that oviposition is an essential factor for the success of multiple feeds. We evaluated the impact of the second blood meal on longevity, protein digestion, trypsin activity, and Leishmania mexicana development within L. longipalpis gut. Mortality of blood-fed females increases after second blood meal as compared to sugar-fed females. Trypsin activity was lower during the second gonotrophic cycle. However, no difference in protein intake was observed between blood meals. There was no difference in the population size of Leishmania in the gut after both blood meals. In this work, we presented an optimized protocol for obtaining sufficient numbers of sand fly females fed on a second blood meal, and we described some physiological and parasitological aspects of the second gonotrophic cycle which might influence the vectorial competence of sand flies.
KW - SAND FLY VECTOR
KW - VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS
KW - CHEMOTAXIC RESPONSES
KW - PHLEBOTOMUS-PAPATASI
KW - TRANSMISSION
KW - PROMASTIGOTES
KW - PSYCHODIDAE
KW - DIPTERA
KW - MIDGUT
KW - FLIES
U2 - 10.1155/2018/2472508
DO - 10.1155/2018/2472508
M3 - Journal article
VL - 2018
JO - Biomed Research International
JF - Biomed Research International
SN - 2314-6133
M1 - 2472508
ER -