Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Signals regulating multiple responses to wounding and herbivores.
AU - De Bruxelles, Guy L.
AU - Roberts, Michael R.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Damage inflicted by herbivore feeding necessitates multiple defense strategies in plants. The wound site must be sealed and defense responses mounted against the herbivore itself and against invading opportunistic pathogens. These defenses are controlled both in time and space by highly complex regulatory networks that themselves are modulated by interactions with other signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the signaling events that occur in individual wounded leaves, in systemic unwounded regions of the plant, and between the plant, and other organisms, and attempt to place these events in the context of a coordinated system. Key signals that are discussed include ion fluxes, active oxygen species, protein phosphorylation cascades, the plant hormones jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and salicylic acid, peptide signals, glycans, volatile chemicals, and physical signals such as hydraulic and electrical signals. Themes that emerge after consideration of the published data are that glycans and peptide elicitors are likely primary triggers of wound-induced defense responses and that they function through the action of jasmonic acid, a central mediator of defense gene expression, whose effect is modulated by ethylene. In the field, wound signaling pathways are significantly impacted on by other stress response pathways, including pathogen responses that often operate through potentially antagonistic signals such as salicylic acid. However, gross generalisations are not possible because some wound and pathogen responses operate through common jasmonate- and ethylene-dependent pathways. Understanding the ways in which local and systemic wound signaling pathways are coordinated individually and in the context of the plants wider environment is a key challenge in the application of this science to crop-protection strategies.
AB - Damage inflicted by herbivore feeding necessitates multiple defense strategies in plants. The wound site must be sealed and defense responses mounted against the herbivore itself and against invading opportunistic pathogens. These defenses are controlled both in time and space by highly complex regulatory networks that themselves are modulated by interactions with other signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the signaling events that occur in individual wounded leaves, in systemic unwounded regions of the plant, and between the plant, and other organisms, and attempt to place these events in the context of a coordinated system. Key signals that are discussed include ion fluxes, active oxygen species, protein phosphorylation cascades, the plant hormones jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid and salicylic acid, peptide signals, glycans, volatile chemicals, and physical signals such as hydraulic and electrical signals. Themes that emerge after consideration of the published data are that glycans and peptide elicitors are likely primary triggers of wound-induced defense responses and that they function through the action of jasmonic acid, a central mediator of defense gene expression, whose effect is modulated by ethylene. In the field, wound signaling pathways are significantly impacted on by other stress response pathways, including pathogen responses that often operate through potentially antagonistic signals such as salicylic acid. However, gross generalisations are not possible because some wound and pathogen responses operate through common jasmonate- and ethylene-dependent pathways. Understanding the ways in which local and systemic wound signaling pathways are coordinated individually and in the context of the plants wider environment is a key challenge in the application of this science to crop-protection strategies.
KW - signaling
KW - wounding
KW - herbivory
KW - pathogen responses
KW - tritrophic interactions
U2 - 10.1080/07352689.2001.10131828
DO - 10.1080/07352689.2001.10131828
M3 - Journal article
VL - 20
SP - 487
EP - 521
JO - Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
JF - Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
SN - 0735-2689
IS - 5
ER -