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    Rights statement: This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Epidemiology following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Eric Emerson, Amber Savage, Gwynnyth Llewellyn; Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions, International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 47, Issue 5, 1 October 2018, Pages 1465–1474, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy161 is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/5/1465/5067133

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Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions

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Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions. / Emerson, Eric; Savage, Amber; Llewellyn, Gwynnyth.
In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 47, No. 5, 01.10.2018, p. 1465-1474.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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Emerson E, Savage A, Llewellyn G. Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2018 Oct 1;47(5):1465-1474. Epub 2018 Aug 6. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyy161

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Emerson, Eric ; Savage, Amber ; Llewellyn, Gwynnyth. / Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries : prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions. In: International Journal of Epidemiology. 2018 ; Vol. 47, No. 5. pp. 1465-1474.

Bibtex

@article{77c546749bdf4c49bec012da3f5e99c6,
title = "Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions",
abstract = "BackgroundWe sought to: (i) estimate the prevalence of significant cognitive delay (a marked delay in the development of general cognitive functioning) among nationally representative samples of young children in middle- and low-income countries; (ii) estimate the total number of children under 5 years of age with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries; and (iii) estimate the potential impact of five preventative interventions.MethodsSecondary analysis of data collected in Rounds 4 and 5 of UNICEF{\textquoteright}s Multiple Cluster Indicators Surveys in 51 countries involving 163 293 3- to 4-year-old children. Adjusted population-attributable fractions were used to estimate the potential impact of five interventions based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).ResultsThe prevalence of significant cognitive delay in 3- to 4-year-old children in middle- and low-income countries was 10.1% (95% confidence interval 9.7–10.4%). Prevalence was strongly inversely related to country economic wealth. The estimated total number of children under 5 with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries was just under 55 million. This number could be reduced by over 60% if three separate SDGs were achieved; every mother had secondary-level education, every household had access to improved water and sanitation, and every child had an acceptable level of home stimulation.ConclusionsOur results provide additional evidence in support of a range of specific preventative interventions in early childhood to reduce the loss of developmental potential among children in low- and middle-income countries.",
keywords = "cognitive delay, intellectual disability, prevention, low- and middle-income countries, young children",
author = "Eric Emerson and Amber Savage and Gwynnyth Llewellyn",
note = "This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Epidemiology following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Eric Emerson, Amber Savage, Gwynnyth Llewellyn; Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions, International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 47, Issue 5, 1 October 2018, Pages 1465–1474, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy161 is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/5/1465/5067133",
year = "2018",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/ije/dyy161",
language = "English",
volume = "47",
pages = "1465--1474",
journal = "International Journal of Epidemiology",
issn = "0300-5771",
publisher = "NLM (Medline)",
number = "5",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries

T2 - prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions

AU - Emerson, Eric

AU - Savage, Amber

AU - Llewellyn, Gwynnyth

N1 - This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Epidemiology following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Eric Emerson, Amber Savage, Gwynnyth Llewellyn; Significant cognitive delay among 3- to 4-year old children in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence estimates and potential impact of preventative interventions, International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 47, Issue 5, 1 October 2018, Pages 1465–1474, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy161 is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/5/1465/5067133

PY - 2018/10/1

Y1 - 2018/10/1

N2 - BackgroundWe sought to: (i) estimate the prevalence of significant cognitive delay (a marked delay in the development of general cognitive functioning) among nationally representative samples of young children in middle- and low-income countries; (ii) estimate the total number of children under 5 years of age with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries; and (iii) estimate the potential impact of five preventative interventions.MethodsSecondary analysis of data collected in Rounds 4 and 5 of UNICEF’s Multiple Cluster Indicators Surveys in 51 countries involving 163 293 3- to 4-year-old children. Adjusted population-attributable fractions were used to estimate the potential impact of five interventions based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).ResultsThe prevalence of significant cognitive delay in 3- to 4-year-old children in middle- and low-income countries was 10.1% (95% confidence interval 9.7–10.4%). Prevalence was strongly inversely related to country economic wealth. The estimated total number of children under 5 with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries was just under 55 million. This number could be reduced by over 60% if three separate SDGs were achieved; every mother had secondary-level education, every household had access to improved water and sanitation, and every child had an acceptable level of home stimulation.ConclusionsOur results provide additional evidence in support of a range of specific preventative interventions in early childhood to reduce the loss of developmental potential among children in low- and middle-income countries.

AB - BackgroundWe sought to: (i) estimate the prevalence of significant cognitive delay (a marked delay in the development of general cognitive functioning) among nationally representative samples of young children in middle- and low-income countries; (ii) estimate the total number of children under 5 years of age with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries; and (iii) estimate the potential impact of five preventative interventions.MethodsSecondary analysis of data collected in Rounds 4 and 5 of UNICEF’s Multiple Cluster Indicators Surveys in 51 countries involving 163 293 3- to 4-year-old children. Adjusted population-attributable fractions were used to estimate the potential impact of five interventions based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).ResultsThe prevalence of significant cognitive delay in 3- to 4-year-old children in middle- and low-income countries was 10.1% (95% confidence interval 9.7–10.4%). Prevalence was strongly inversely related to country economic wealth. The estimated total number of children under 5 with significant cognitive delay living in low- and middle-income countries was just under 55 million. This number could be reduced by over 60% if three separate SDGs were achieved; every mother had secondary-level education, every household had access to improved water and sanitation, and every child had an acceptable level of home stimulation.ConclusionsOur results provide additional evidence in support of a range of specific preventative interventions in early childhood to reduce the loss of developmental potential among children in low- and middle-income countries.

KW - cognitive delay

KW - intellectual disability

KW - prevention

KW - low- and middle-income countries

KW - young children

U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyy161

DO - 10.1093/ije/dyy161

M3 - Journal article

VL - 47

SP - 1465

EP - 1474

JO - International Journal of Epidemiology

JF - International Journal of Epidemiology

SN - 0300-5771

IS - 5

ER -