TY - JOUR

T1 - Structural changes in smectite due to interaction with a biosurfactant-producing bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis

AU - Biswas, Bhabananda

AU - Chakraborty, Argha

AU - Sarkar, Binoy

AU - Naidu, Ravi

PY - 2017/2/1

Y1 - 2017/2/1

N2 - Clays including bentonite hold a great potential in improving the efficacy of organic contaminants degradation by bacteria. However, the mechanisms of interactions involving both biotic (microorganisms) and abiotic (clays) components during bioremediation are largely unknown. Here, we report the interaction of a biosurfactant producing bacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis, with bentonite clay. Using instrumental analyses including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques we investigate the microstructural changes of smectite following introduction of the bacterium. The interaction resulted in a spherical clay-bacterial micro-agglomerate formation which deciphered an enhanced growth of the bacterium in a minimal medium supplemented with traces of olive oil. The bacterium brought about a significant dissolution of silicon (Si) preferentially from the tetrahedral silica edges of smectites. The deposition of bacterial biosurfactants and exopolysaccharides (EPS) slightly expanded the smectite interlayers and modified the clay's interaction with water molecules. This study has direct implication in the clay-mediated bioremediation of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the environment.

AB - Clays including bentonite hold a great potential in improving the efficacy of organic contaminants degradation by bacteria. However, the mechanisms of interactions involving both biotic (microorganisms) and abiotic (clays) components during bioremediation are largely unknown. Here, we report the interaction of a biosurfactant producing bacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis, with bentonite clay. Using instrumental analyses including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques we investigate the microstructural changes of smectite following introduction of the bacterium. The interaction resulted in a spherical clay-bacterial micro-agglomerate formation which deciphered an enhanced growth of the bacterium in a minimal medium supplemented with traces of olive oil. The bacterium brought about a significant dissolution of silicon (Si) preferentially from the tetrahedral silica edges of smectites. The deposition of bacterial biosurfactants and exopolysaccharides (EPS) slightly expanded the smectite interlayers and modified the clay's interaction with water molecules. This study has direct implication in the clay-mediated bioremediation of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the environment.

KW - Bioremediation

KW - Biosurfactant

KW - Clay-bacterial interaction

KW - Elemental dissolution

KW - Exopolysaccharide

KW - Microstructural changes

U2 - 10.1016/j.clay.2016.11.008

DO - 10.1016/j.clay.2016.11.008

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:84996524384

VL - 136

SP - 51

EP - 57

JO - Applied Clay Science

JF - Applied Clay Science

SN - 0169-1317

ER -