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Structural disorder determines capacitance in nanoporous carbons

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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  • Xinyu Liu
  • Dongxun Lyu
  • Céline Merlet
  • Matthew J. A. Leesmith
  • Xiao Hua
  • Zhen Xu
  • Clare P. Grey
  • Alexander C. Forse
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<mark>Journal publication date</mark>19/04/2024
<mark>Journal</mark>Science
Issue number6693
Volume384
Number of pages5
Pages (from-to)321-325
Publication StatusPublished
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

The difficulty in characterizing the complex structures of nanoporous carbon electrodes has led to a lack of clear design principles with which to improve supercapacitors. Pore size has long been considered the main lever to improve capacitance. However, our evaluation of a large series of commercial nanoporous carbons finds a lack of correlation between pore size and capacitance. Instead, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements and simulations reveal a strong correlation between structural disorder in the electrodes and capacitance. More disordered carbons with smaller graphene-like domains show higher capacitances owing to the more efficient storage of ions in their nanopores. Our findings suggest ways to understand and exploit disorder to achieve highly energy-dense supercapacitors.