Rights statement: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 168, 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.08.016
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Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of the point spread function on downscaling continua
AU - Wang, Q.
AU - Tang, Y.
AU - Atkinson, P.M.
N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 168, 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.08.016
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - The point spread function (PSF) is ubiquitous in remote sensing. This paper investigated the effect of the PSF on the downscaling of continua. Geostatistical approaches were adopted to incorporate explicitly, and reduce the influence of, the PSF effect in downscaling. Two general cases were considered: univariate and multivariate. In the univariate case, the input coarse spatial resolution image is the only image available for downscaling. Area-to-point kriging was demonstrated to be a suitable solution in this case. For the multivariate case, a finer spatial resolution image (or images) observed under different conditions (e.g., at a different wavelength) is available as auxiliary data for downscaling. Area-to-point regression kriging was shown to be a suitable solution for this case. Moreover, a new solution was developed for estimating the PSF in image scale transformation. The experiments show that the PSF effect influences downscaling greatly and that downscaling can be enhanced obviously by considering the PSF effect through the geostatistical approaches and the PSF estimation solution proposed.
AB - The point spread function (PSF) is ubiquitous in remote sensing. This paper investigated the effect of the PSF on the downscaling of continua. Geostatistical approaches were adopted to incorporate explicitly, and reduce the influence of, the PSF effect in downscaling. Two general cases were considered: univariate and multivariate. In the univariate case, the input coarse spatial resolution image is the only image available for downscaling. Area-to-point kriging was demonstrated to be a suitable solution in this case. For the multivariate case, a finer spatial resolution image (or images) observed under different conditions (e.g., at a different wavelength) is available as auxiliary data for downscaling. Area-to-point regression kriging was shown to be a suitable solution for this case. Moreover, a new solution was developed for estimating the PSF in image scale transformation. The experiments show that the PSF effect influences downscaling greatly and that downscaling can be enhanced obviously by considering the PSF effect through the geostatistical approaches and the PSF estimation solution proposed.
KW - Downscaling
KW - Geostatistics
KW - Image fusion
KW - Point spread function (PSF)
KW - Remote sensing
KW - Image resolution
KW - Interpolation
KW - Area to point kriging
KW - Auxiliary data
KW - Down-scaling
KW - Geostatistical approach
KW - PSF estimation
KW - Regression-kriging
KW - Spatial resolution images
KW - Suitable solutions
KW - Optical transfer function
KW - data assimilation
KW - downscaling
KW - image analysis
KW - kriging
KW - multivariate analysis
KW - remote sensing
KW - satellite imagery
KW - spatial resolution
U2 - 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.08.016
DO - 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.08.016
M3 - Journal article
VL - 168
SP - 251
EP - 267
JO - ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
JF - ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
SN - 0924-2716
ER -