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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The eggshell membrane
T2 - A potential biomaterial for corneal wound healing
AU - Mensah, R.A.
AU - Jo, S.B.
AU - Kim, H.
AU - Park, S.-M.
AU - Patel, K.D.
AU - Cho, K.J.
AU - Cook, M.T.
AU - Kirton, S.B.
AU - Hutter, V.
AU - Sidney, L.E.
AU - Alves-Lima, D.
AU - Lin, H.
AU - Lee, J.-H.
AU - Kim, H.
AU - Chau, D.Y.S.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - The eggshell membrane (ESM) is an abundant resource with innate complex structure and composition provided by nature. With at least 60 million tonnes of hen eggs produced globally per annum, utilisation of this waste resource is highly attractive in positively impacting sustainability worldwide. Given the morphology and mechanical properties of this membrane, it has great potential as a biomaterials for wound dressing. However, to date, no studies have demonstrated nor reported this application. As such, the objective of this investigation was to identify and optimise a reproducible extraction protocol of the ESM and to assess the physical, chemical, mechanical and biological properties of the substrate with a view to use as a wound dressing. ESM samples were isolated by either manual peeling (ESM-strip) or via extraction using acetic acid [ESM-A0.5] or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA [ESM-E0.9]. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that there were no traces of calcium residues from the extraction process. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the extraction method (acetic acid and EDTA) did not alter the chemical structures of the ESM and also clarified the composition of the fibrous proteins of the ESM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed a three-layer composite structure of the ESM: an inner layer as continuous, dense and non-fibrous (limiting membrane), a middle layer with a network of fibres (inner shell membrane) and the outer layer (outer shell membrane) of larger fibres. Material properties including optical transparency, porosity, fluid absorption/uptake, thermal stability, mechanical profiling of the ESM samples were performed and demonstrated suitable profiles for translational applications. Biological in vitro studies using SV40 immortalised corneal epithelial cells (ihCEC) and corneal mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. Taken together, these results document the development of a novel sustainable biomaterial that may be used for ophthalmic wounds and/or other biomedical therapies.
AB - The eggshell membrane (ESM) is an abundant resource with innate complex structure and composition provided by nature. With at least 60 million tonnes of hen eggs produced globally per annum, utilisation of this waste resource is highly attractive in positively impacting sustainability worldwide. Given the morphology and mechanical properties of this membrane, it has great potential as a biomaterials for wound dressing. However, to date, no studies have demonstrated nor reported this application. As such, the objective of this investigation was to identify and optimise a reproducible extraction protocol of the ESM and to assess the physical, chemical, mechanical and biological properties of the substrate with a view to use as a wound dressing. ESM samples were isolated by either manual peeling (ESM-strip) or via extraction using acetic acid [ESM-A0.5] or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA [ESM-E0.9]. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that there were no traces of calcium residues from the extraction process. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the extraction method (acetic acid and EDTA) did not alter the chemical structures of the ESM and also clarified the composition of the fibrous proteins of the ESM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed a three-layer composite structure of the ESM: an inner layer as continuous, dense and non-fibrous (limiting membrane), a middle layer with a network of fibres (inner shell membrane) and the outer layer (outer shell membrane) of larger fibres. Material properties including optical transparency, porosity, fluid absorption/uptake, thermal stability, mechanical profiling of the ESM samples were performed and demonstrated suitable profiles for translational applications. Biological in vitro studies using SV40 immortalised corneal epithelial cells (ihCEC) and corneal mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. Taken together, these results document the development of a novel sustainable biomaterial that may be used for ophthalmic wounds and/or other biomedical therapies.
KW - biomimetic
KW - cell culture
KW - ECM
KW - membrane
KW - tissue engineering
KW - wound dressing
KW - Acetic acid
KW - Biocompatibility
KW - Biomechanics
KW - Composite structures
KW - Energy dispersive spectroscopy
KW - Extraction
KW - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
KW - Membranes
KW - Morphology
KW - Network layers
KW - Optical properties
KW - pH
KW - Scanning electron microscopy
KW - Structure (composition)
KW - Tissue regeneration
KW - Biological properties
KW - Corneal epithelial cells
KW - Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy
KW - Extraction protocols
KW - Mechanical profiling
KW - Mesenchymal stromal cells
KW - Morphology and mechanical properties
KW - Optical transparency
KW - Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
U2 - 10.1177/08853282211024040
DO - 10.1177/08853282211024040
M3 - Journal article
VL - 36
SP - 912
EP - 929
JO - JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
JF - JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
SN - 0885-3282
IS - 5
ER -