Introduction
Active modes of transportation have gained significant prominence in many cities, with governments and public health organizations increasingly advocating for cycling. While policy and planning decisions are actively aimed at boosting cycling rates, their long-term impact remains somewhat uncertain. This study seeks to shed light on the enduring effects of policy and planning decisions on cycling and outlines potential steps for sustainable progress.

Methods
To achieve this, we have chosen Lancaster, UK, as our case study, with a specific focus on the UK Government-funded Cycling Demonstration Towns (CDTs) program that operated from 2005 to 2011. Our approach involves revisiting this program and the changes in the city through a multi-pronged methodology: conducting surveys with cyclists (n = 65), engaging in interviews with personnel from Lancaster City and Lancashire County Council (n = 3), and analyzing cyclist numbers at specific locations (n = 5).

Results
The findings of our study reveal the positive influence of the CDTs program on cycling rates and the perspectives of cyclists in Lancaster. However, after the program's completion, progress has been somewhat gradual, drawing attention to specific areas in need of improvement, particularly infrastructure and safety measures.

Conclusions
In conclusion, we delve into potential strategies for implementation, not only within Lancaster but also for other CDTs and cities aspiring to promote cycling initiatives. This underscores the effectiveness of such programs and decisions in the short-term while emphasizing the critical importance of sustained investments in infrastructure and maintenance for long-term impact.