Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Transitions in agro-pastoralist systems of East Africa
T2 - Impacts on food security and poverty
AU - Rufino, M. C.
AU - Thornton, P. K.
AU - Ng'ang'a, S. K.
AU - Mutie, I.
AU - Jones, P. G.
AU - van Wijk, M. T.
AU - Herrero, M.
PY - 2013/10/1
Y1 - 2013/10/1
N2 - Climate-induced livelihood transitions in the agricultural systems of Africa are increasingly likely. There is limited evidence on what such transitions might look like. We carried out fieldwork in 12 sites in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda to understand changes in farming systems in the recent past, and to test the hypothesis that sedentary farmers in zones that may become warmer and drier in the future may be forced to increase their reliance on livestock vis-à-vis cropping in the future. We estimated the contribution of crop and livestock activities to incomes, food security and poverty. Householders were asked how to adapt farming in the future. We found no direct evidence for the hypothesised extensification of production across study sites. Human diets have changed considerably in the last 40 years, as cropping has been taken up by increasing numbers of pastoral households, even in marginal places. Maize and legumes predominate, but some householders are increasing their crop and diet diversity, particularly in locations with annual rainfall higher than 800. mm. At all sites people want more livestock. Food insecurity is common at all sites with an annual rainfall of 800. mm or less, and critical levels are seen at sites with
AB - Climate-induced livelihood transitions in the agricultural systems of Africa are increasingly likely. There is limited evidence on what such transitions might look like. We carried out fieldwork in 12 sites in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda to understand changes in farming systems in the recent past, and to test the hypothesis that sedentary farmers in zones that may become warmer and drier in the future may be forced to increase their reliance on livestock vis-à-vis cropping in the future. We estimated the contribution of crop and livestock activities to incomes, food security and poverty. Householders were asked how to adapt farming in the future. We found no direct evidence for the hypothesised extensification of production across study sites. Human diets have changed considerably in the last 40 years, as cropping has been taken up by increasing numbers of pastoral households, even in marginal places. Maize and legumes predominate, but some householders are increasing their crop and diet diversity, particularly in locations with annual rainfall higher than 800. mm. At all sites people want more livestock. Food insecurity is common at all sites with an annual rainfall of 800. mm or less, and critical levels are seen at sites with
KW - Climate change
KW - Diversification
KW - Livestock
KW - Smallholders
KW - Vulnerability
U2 - 10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.019
DO - 10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.019
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84884711323
VL - 179
SP - 215
EP - 230
JO - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
SN - 0167-8809
ER -