Rights statement: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Cornacchia, L. , Licci, S. , Nepf, H. , Folkard, A. , Wal, D. , Koppel, J. , Puijalon, S. and Bouma, T. J. (2019), Turbulence‐mediated facilitation of resource uptake in patchy stream macrophytes. Limnol. Oceanogr.. doi:10.1002/lno.11070 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.11070 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Turbulence-mediated facilitation of resource uptake in patchy stream macrophytes
AU - Cornacchia, Loreta
AU - Licci, Sofia
AU - Nepf, Heidi
AU - Folkard, Andrew Martin
AU - van der Wal, Daphne
AU - van de Koppel, Johan
AU - Puijalon, Sara
AU - Bouma, Tjeerd
N1 - This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Cornacchia, L. , Licci, S. , Nepf, H. , Folkard, A. , Wal, D. , Koppel, J. , Puijalon, S. and Bouma, T. J. (2019), Turbulence‐mediated facilitation of resource uptake in patchy stream macrophytes. Limnol. Oceanogr.. doi:10.1002/lno.11070 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.11070 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Many landscapes are characterized by a patchy, rather than homogeneous, distribution of vegetation. Often this patchiness is composed of single-species patches with contrasting traits, interacting with each other. To date, it is unknown whether patches of different species affect each other’s uptake of resources by altering hydrodynamic conditions, and how this depends on their spatial patch configuration. Patches of two contrasting aquatic macrophyte species (i.e., dense canopy-forming Callitriche and sparse canopy-forming Groenlandia) were grown together in a racetrack flume and placed in different patch configurations. We measured 15NH4+ uptake rates and hydrodynamic properties along the centerline and the lateral edge of both patches. When the species with a taller, denser canopy (Callitriche) was located upstream of the shorter, sparser species (Groenlandia), it generated turbulence in its wake that enhanced nutrient uptake for the sparser Groenlandia. At the same time, Callitriche benefited from being located at a leading edge where it was exposed to higher mean velocity, as its canopy was too dense for turbulence to penetrate from upstream. Consistent with this, we found that ammonium uptake rates depended on turbulence level for the sparse Groenlandia and on mean flow velocity for the dense Callitriche, but Total Kinetic Energy was the best descriptor of uptake rates for both species. By influencing turbulence, macrophyte species interact with each other through facilitation of resource uptake. Hence, heterogeneity due to multi-specific spatial patchiness has crucial implications for both species interactions and aquatic ecosystem functions, such as nitrogen retention.
AB - Many landscapes are characterized by a patchy, rather than homogeneous, distribution of vegetation. Often this patchiness is composed of single-species patches with contrasting traits, interacting with each other. To date, it is unknown whether patches of different species affect each other’s uptake of resources by altering hydrodynamic conditions, and how this depends on their spatial patch configuration. Patches of two contrasting aquatic macrophyte species (i.e., dense canopy-forming Callitriche and sparse canopy-forming Groenlandia) were grown together in a racetrack flume and placed in different patch configurations. We measured 15NH4+ uptake rates and hydrodynamic properties along the centerline and the lateral edge of both patches. When the species with a taller, denser canopy (Callitriche) was located upstream of the shorter, sparser species (Groenlandia), it generated turbulence in its wake that enhanced nutrient uptake for the sparser Groenlandia. At the same time, Callitriche benefited from being located at a leading edge where it was exposed to higher mean velocity, as its canopy was too dense for turbulence to penetrate from upstream. Consistent with this, we found that ammonium uptake rates depended on turbulence level for the sparse Groenlandia and on mean flow velocity for the dense Callitriche, but Total Kinetic Energy was the best descriptor of uptake rates for both species. By influencing turbulence, macrophyte species interact with each other through facilitation of resource uptake. Hence, heterogeneity due to multi-specific spatial patchiness has crucial implications for both species interactions and aquatic ecosystem functions, such as nitrogen retention.
KW - submerged macrophytes
KW - nutrient uptake
KW - mass transfer
U2 - 10.1002/lno.11070
DO - 10.1002/lno.11070
M3 - Journal article
VL - 64
SP - 714
EP - 727
JO - Limnology and Oceanography
JF - Limnology and Oceanography
SN - 0024-3590
IS - 2
ER -