This policy paper examines the challenges and prospects for enhanced policy cooperation between the United States and Indonesia on maritime security in the Sulu-Sulawesi Sea, reflecting broader issues in bilateral maritime security cooperation. The findings are informed by the Indonesia-United States Track 1.5 Dialogue on Ocean Security in the Sulu-Sulawesi Sea held in Jakarta on April 23, 2024, which brought together representatives from government, academia, the private sector, and civil society. The project aims to promote holistic and integrated policy solutions to support sustainable development, reduce geopolitical instability, and enhance resilience against maritime security challenges in the Sulu-Sulawesi Sea and beyond. This initiative was supported by the Hollings Center, the University of Strathclyde, the Indonesian Institute of Advanced Studies (INADIS), and Universitas Indonesia.