Rights statement: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Parry, L., Barlow, J. and Pereira, H. (2014), Wildlife Harvest and Consumption in Amazonia's Urbanized Wilderness. Conservation Letters, 7: 565–574. doi: 10.1111/conl.12151, which has been published in final form at doi: 10.1111/conl.12151 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
Final published version, 474 KB, PDF document
Available under license: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Final published version
Licence: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Wildlife harvest and consumption in Amazonia's urbanized wilderness
AU - Parry, Luke
AU - Barlow, Jos
AU - Pereira, Heloisa Correia
N1 - This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Parry, L., Barlow, J. and Pereira, H. (2014), Wildlife Harvest and Consumption in Amazonia's Urbanized Wilderness. Conservation Letters, 7: 565–574. doi: 10.1111/conl.12151, which has been published in final form at doi: 10.1111/conl.12151 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
PY - 2014/11
Y1 - 2014/11
N2 - Urbanization of forested wilderness could threaten biodiversity if expanding cities drive demand for wildlife as food. We examined the scale and drivers of urban wildlife consumption in the forested pre-frontier of Brazilian Amazonia, defined as municipalities (n = 73) with over 90% of their original forest cover still intact. A representative survey of two pre-frontier cities indicated that virtually all urban households consume wildlife, including fish (99%), bush-meat (mammals and birds) (79%), chelonians (48%) and caimans (28%) – alarming evidence of an under-reported wild-meat crisis in the heart of Amazonia. We also report rapid growth of cities and inadequate resources to deter illegal consumption in this urbanized wilderness covering 1.86 million square kilometres. We evaluate relevant policy levers and conclude that poverty-alleviation programs may accelerate a long-term transition from consumption of wildlife as an economical source of protein for the poor to luxury food for the wealthy. We argue that innovative environmental governance could limit wildlife consumption to only harvest-tolerant species. Researchers and policy-makers should engage with policies and ideas that promote poverty alleviation and supply poor city-dwellers with affordable alternatives to eating wildlife.
AB - Urbanization of forested wilderness could threaten biodiversity if expanding cities drive demand for wildlife as food. We examined the scale and drivers of urban wildlife consumption in the forested pre-frontier of Brazilian Amazonia, defined as municipalities (n = 73) with over 90% of their original forest cover still intact. A representative survey of two pre-frontier cities indicated that virtually all urban households consume wildlife, including fish (99%), bush-meat (mammals and birds) (79%), chelonians (48%) and caimans (28%) – alarming evidence of an under-reported wild-meat crisis in the heart of Amazonia. We also report rapid growth of cities and inadequate resources to deter illegal consumption in this urbanized wilderness covering 1.86 million square kilometres. We evaluate relevant policy levers and conclude that poverty-alleviation programs may accelerate a long-term transition from consumption of wildlife as an economical source of protein for the poor to luxury food for the wealthy. We argue that innovative environmental governance could limit wildlife consumption to only harvest-tolerant species. Researchers and policy-makers should engage with policies and ideas that promote poverty alleviation and supply poor city-dwellers with affordable alternatives to eating wildlife.
KW - Amazonia
KW - Brazil
KW - bush-meat
KW - cities
KW - fishing
KW - harvest
KW - hunting
KW - sustainability
KW - urbanization
KW - wildlife
U2 - 10.1111/conl.12151
DO - 10.1111/conl.12151
M3 - Journal article
VL - 7
SP - 565
EP - 574
JO - Conservation Letters
JF - Conservation Letters
SN - 1755-263X
IS - 6
ER -