Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of the mass transfer of lyophilized products based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images
AU - Pisano, Roberto
AU - Barresi, Antonello A.
AU - Capozzi, Luigi C.
AU - Novajra, Giorgia
AU - Oddone, Irene
AU - Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
PY - 2017/6/11
Y1 - 2017/6/11
N2 - This paper proposes a systematic work process for the rapid determination of resistance to vapor flow given by the products being freeze-dried. This approach couples mathematical modeling and 3D nondestructive X-ray imaging to reconstruct the internal structure of lyophilized samples. Knowledge of the internal structure is fundamental to better understand the relationship between freezing and within-product heterogeneity as well as between freezing and the drying behavior of the product being lyophilized. The method was validated upon mannitol-based formulations using various freezing protocols. This stepwise approach was demonstrated to be helpful to lyophilization professionals for the control of within-product heterogeneity and for the optimization of the cycle.
AB - This paper proposes a systematic work process for the rapid determination of resistance to vapor flow given by the products being freeze-dried. This approach couples mathematical modeling and 3D nondestructive X-ray imaging to reconstruct the internal structure of lyophilized samples. Knowledge of the internal structure is fundamental to better understand the relationship between freezing and within-product heterogeneity as well as between freezing and the drying behavior of the product being lyophilized. The method was validated upon mannitol-based formulations using various freezing protocols. This stepwise approach was demonstrated to be helpful to lyophilization professionals for the control of within-product heterogeneity and for the optimization of the cycle.
KW - Freeze-drying
KW - lyophilization
KW - mathematical modeling
KW - micro-computed tomography
KW - resistance to mass transfer
U2 - 10.1080/07373937.2016.1222540
DO - 10.1080/07373937.2016.1222540
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85019147612
VL - 35
SP - 933
EP - 938
JO - Drying Technology
JF - Drying Technology
SN - 0737-3937
IS - 8
ER -