TY - JOUR

T1 - Concentration-dependent effects of carbon nanoparticles in gram-negative bacteria determined by infrared spectroscopy with multivariate analysis

AU - Riding, Matthew J.

AU - Martin, Francis L.

AU - Trevisan, Julio

AU - Llabjani, Valon

AU - Patel, Imran I.

AU - Jones, Kevin C.

AU - Semple, Kirk T.

PY - 2012/4

Y1 - 2012/4

N2 - With increasing production of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), environmental release of these entities becomes an ever-greater inevitability. However, many questions remain regarding their impact on soil microorganisms. This study examined the effects of long or short multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), C60 fullerene and fullerene soot in Gram-negative bacteria. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to derive signature spectral fingerprints of effects. A concentration-dependent response in spectral alterations was observed for each nanoparticle type. Long or short MWCNTs and fullerene soot gave rise to similar alterations to lipids, Amide II and DNA. The extent of alteration varies with nanoparticle size, with smaller short MWCNTs resulting in greater toxicity than long MWCNTs. Fullerene soot was the least toxic. C60 results in the most distinct and largest overall alterations, notably in extensive protein alteration. This work demonstrates a novel approach for assaying and discriminating the effects of CNPs in target systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - With increasing production of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), environmental release of these entities becomes an ever-greater inevitability. However, many questions remain regarding their impact on soil microorganisms. This study examined the effects of long or short multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), C60 fullerene and fullerene soot in Gram-negative bacteria. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to derive signature spectral fingerprints of effects. A concentration-dependent response in spectral alterations was observed for each nanoparticle type. Long or short MWCNTs and fullerene soot gave rise to similar alterations to lipids, Amide II and DNA. The extent of alteration varies with nanoparticle size, with smaller short MWCNTs resulting in greater toxicity than long MWCNTs. Fullerene soot was the least toxic. C60 results in the most distinct and largest overall alterations, notably in extensive protein alteration. This work demonstrates a novel approach for assaying and discriminating the effects of CNPs in target systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KW - Carbon nanoparticles

KW - Gram-negative bacteria

KW - Infrared spectroscopy

KW - Multivariate analysis

KW - Nanotoxicity

U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.027

DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.027

M3 - Journal article

VL - 163

SP - 226

EP - 234

JO - Environmental Pollution

JF - Environmental Pollution

SN - 0269-7491

ER -