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Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle. / Denton, Michael; Cayton, T. E.

In: Annales Geophysicae, Vol. 29, No. 10, 2011, p. 1755-1763.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Denton, M & Cayton, TE 2011, 'Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle', Annales Geophysicae, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 1755-1763. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011

APA

Denton, M., & Cayton, T. E. (2011). Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle. Annales Geophysicae, 29(10), 1755-1763. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011

Vancouver

Denton M, Cayton TE. Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle. Annales Geophysicae. 2011;29(10):1755-1763. doi: 10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011

Author

Denton, Michael ; Cayton, T. E. / Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle. In: Annales Geophysicae. 2011 ; Vol. 29, No. 10. pp. 1755-1763.

Bibtex

@article{3db32569797d466dbafb4633725ca8c7,
title = "Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle",
abstract = "Single relativistic-Maxwellian fits are made to high-latitude GPS-satellite observations of energetic electrons for the period January 2006-November 2010; a constellation of 12 GPS space vehicles provides the observations. The derived fit parameters (for energies similar to 0.1-1.0 MeV), in combination with field-line mapping on the nightside of the magnetosphere, provide a survey of the energetic electron density and temperature distribution in the magnetotail between McIlwain L-values of L = 6 and L = 22. Analysis reveals the characteristics of the density-temperature distribution of energetic electrons and its variation as a function of solar wind speed and the Kp index. The density-temperature characteristics of the magnetotail energetic electrons are very similar to those found in the outer electron radiation belt as measured at geosynchronous orbit. The energetic electron density in the magnetotail is much greater during increased geomagnetic activity and during fast solar wind. The total electron density in the magnetotail is found to be strongly correlated with solar wind speed and is at least a factor of two greater for high-speed solar wind (V-SW = 500-1000 km s(-1)) compared to low-speed solar wind (V-SW = 100-400 km s(-1)). These results have important implications for understanding (a) how the solar wind may modulate entry into the magnetosphere during fast and slow solar wind, and (b) if the magnetotail is a source or a sink for the outer electron radiation belt.",
keywords = "Magnetospheric physics, Magnetotail, GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT, SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION, NEUTRAL SHEET, PLASMA, TAIL, PARTICLES, MODEL",
author = "Michael Denton and Cayton, {T. E.}",
year = "2011",
doi = "10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011",
language = "English",
volume = "29",
pages = "1755--1763",
journal = "Annales Geophysicae",
issn = "0992-7689",
publisher = "European Geosciences Union",
number = "10",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Density and temperature of energetic electrons in the Earth's magnetotail derived from high-latitude GPS observations during the declining phase of the solar cycle

AU - Denton, Michael

AU - Cayton, T. E.

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - Single relativistic-Maxwellian fits are made to high-latitude GPS-satellite observations of energetic electrons for the period January 2006-November 2010; a constellation of 12 GPS space vehicles provides the observations. The derived fit parameters (for energies similar to 0.1-1.0 MeV), in combination with field-line mapping on the nightside of the magnetosphere, provide a survey of the energetic electron density and temperature distribution in the magnetotail between McIlwain L-values of L = 6 and L = 22. Analysis reveals the characteristics of the density-temperature distribution of energetic electrons and its variation as a function of solar wind speed and the Kp index. The density-temperature characteristics of the magnetotail energetic electrons are very similar to those found in the outer electron radiation belt as measured at geosynchronous orbit. The energetic electron density in the magnetotail is much greater during increased geomagnetic activity and during fast solar wind. The total electron density in the magnetotail is found to be strongly correlated with solar wind speed and is at least a factor of two greater for high-speed solar wind (V-SW = 500-1000 km s(-1)) compared to low-speed solar wind (V-SW = 100-400 km s(-1)). These results have important implications for understanding (a) how the solar wind may modulate entry into the magnetosphere during fast and slow solar wind, and (b) if the magnetotail is a source or a sink for the outer electron radiation belt.

AB - Single relativistic-Maxwellian fits are made to high-latitude GPS-satellite observations of energetic electrons for the period January 2006-November 2010; a constellation of 12 GPS space vehicles provides the observations. The derived fit parameters (for energies similar to 0.1-1.0 MeV), in combination with field-line mapping on the nightside of the magnetosphere, provide a survey of the energetic electron density and temperature distribution in the magnetotail between McIlwain L-values of L = 6 and L = 22. Analysis reveals the characteristics of the density-temperature distribution of energetic electrons and its variation as a function of solar wind speed and the Kp index. The density-temperature characteristics of the magnetotail energetic electrons are very similar to those found in the outer electron radiation belt as measured at geosynchronous orbit. The energetic electron density in the magnetotail is much greater during increased geomagnetic activity and during fast solar wind. The total electron density in the magnetotail is found to be strongly correlated with solar wind speed and is at least a factor of two greater for high-speed solar wind (V-SW = 500-1000 km s(-1)) compared to low-speed solar wind (V-SW = 100-400 km s(-1)). These results have important implications for understanding (a) how the solar wind may modulate entry into the magnetosphere during fast and slow solar wind, and (b) if the magnetotail is a source or a sink for the outer electron radiation belt.

KW - Magnetospheric physics

KW - Magnetotail

KW - GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT

KW - SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION

KW - NEUTRAL SHEET

KW - PLASMA

KW - TAIL

KW - PARTICLES

KW - MODEL

U2 - 10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011

DO - 10.5194/angeo-29-1755-2011

M3 - Journal article

VL - 29

SP - 1755

EP - 1763

JO - Annales Geophysicae

JF - Annales Geophysicae

SN - 0992-7689

IS - 10

ER -