TY - JOUR

T1 - Neurological, Neuropsychiatric and Psychiatric Symptoms During COVID- 19 Infection and After Recovery

T2 - A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

AU - Stavrou, Maria

AU - Solomou, Solomis

AU - Kythreotou, Anthousa

AU - Ioannou, Antreas

AU - Lioutas, Eva

AU - Lioutas, Joanna

AU - Karayiannis, Peter

PY - 2021/9/28

Y1 - 2021/9/28

N2 - Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes a wide spectrum of disease severity. Initial manifestations include fever, dry cough, and constitutional symptoms, which may progress to respiratory disease. There may also be neurological and psychiatric manifestations, involving both the central and peripheral nervous system.Methods: We performed a literature search of the databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science for observational studies reporting neurological, psychiatric, and neuropsychiatric effects of COVID-19. This was followed by a narrative synthesis to summarise the data and discuss neuropsychiatric associations, symptom severity, management, and recovery.Findings: The most frequently reported neurological symptoms were ageusia, hyposmia/anosmia, dizziness, headache, and loss of consciousness. Statistically significant relationships were noted between Asian ethnicity and peripheral neuropathy (p=0·0001) and neuro-syndromic symptoms (p=0·001). ITU admission was found to have a statistically significant relationship with male sex (p=0·024). Depression and anxiety were also identified both during and after infection. The most frequent treatments used were intravenous immunoglobulins, followed by antibiotics, antivirals, and hydroxychloroquine; with mean treatment duration of 6 days.Interpretation: Various neuropsychiatric symptoms have been associated with COVID-19 infection. More studies are required to further our knowledge in the management of neurological and psychiatric symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection

AB - Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes a wide spectrum of disease severity. Initial manifestations include fever, dry cough, and constitutional symptoms, which may progress to respiratory disease. There may also be neurological and psychiatric manifestations, involving both the central and peripheral nervous system.Methods: We performed a literature search of the databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science for observational studies reporting neurological, psychiatric, and neuropsychiatric effects of COVID-19. This was followed by a narrative synthesis to summarise the data and discuss neuropsychiatric associations, symptom severity, management, and recovery.Findings: The most frequently reported neurological symptoms were ageusia, hyposmia/anosmia, dizziness, headache, and loss of consciousness. Statistically significant relationships were noted between Asian ethnicity and peripheral neuropathy (p=0·0001) and neuro-syndromic symptoms (p=0·001). ITU admission was found to have a statistically significant relationship with male sex (p=0·024). Depression and anxiety were also identified both during and after infection. The most frequent treatments used were intravenous immunoglobulins, followed by antibiotics, antivirals, and hydroxychloroquine; with mean treatment duration of 6 days.Interpretation: Various neuropsychiatric symptoms have been associated with COVID-19 infection. More studies are required to further our knowledge in the management of neurological and psychiatric symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection

U2 - 10.32474/ojnbd.2021.06.000228

DO - 10.32474/ojnbd.2021.06.000228

M3 - Journal article

VL - 6

JO - Online Journal of Neurology and Brain Disorders

JF - Online Journal of Neurology and Brain Disorders

SN - 2637-6628

IS - 1

ER -