Rights statement: An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2022 American Geophysical Union. Mahmoudian, A., Kosch, M. J., Scales, W. A., Rietveld, M. T., & Pinedo, H. (2022). Neutral air turbulence in the mesosphere and associated polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs). Radio Science, 57, e2021RS007371. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RS007371
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neutral Air Turbulence in the Mesosphere and Associated Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSEs)
AU - Mahmoudian, A.
AU - Kosch, M. J.
AU - Scales, W. A.
AU - Rietveld, M. T.
AU - Pinedo, H.
N1 - An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2022 American Geophysical Union. Mahmoudian, A., Kosch, M. J., Scales, W. A., Rietveld, M. T., & Pinedo, H. (2022). Neutral air turbulence in the mesosphere and associated polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs). Radio Science, 57, e2021RS007371. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RS007371
PY - 2022/2/28
Y1 - 2022/2/28
N2 - The first true common volume observations of the PMSE source region with 4 radars are presented in this paper. Radar frequencies of 8, 56, 224, and 930 MHz are used in this study. Three days of experimental observations at EISCAT are presented. Numerical simulations of mesospheric dusty/ice plasma associated with the observed radar frequencies are presented. The effect of neutral air turbulence on the generation and strength of plasma density perturbations associated with PMSE using four radar frequencies and in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated. Using the model it is shown that the well-known neutral air turbulence in the presence of heavy dust particles and neutral air turbulence combined with dust density (dusty turbulence) can largely explain the observed radar cross-section at four radar frequencies. The effect of neutral air turbulence amplitude along with dust charging and diffusion in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated using the computational model. Specifically, the response of diffusion to charging time scales, plasma density fluctuation amplitude and background dusty plasma parameters are discussed. Several key parameters in the dusty plasma responsible for the PMSE observations are determined. Qualitative comparison of radar echo strength at 4 frequencies with numerical results is provided. Unlike the previous studies that required large dust particles of 20 nm for PMSE formation, the present work demonstrates the possibility of small dust particles to explain the experimental observations.
AB - The first true common volume observations of the PMSE source region with 4 radars are presented in this paper. Radar frequencies of 8, 56, 224, and 930 MHz are used in this study. Three days of experimental observations at EISCAT are presented. Numerical simulations of mesospheric dusty/ice plasma associated with the observed radar frequencies are presented. The effect of neutral air turbulence on the generation and strength of plasma density perturbations associated with PMSE using four radar frequencies and in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated. Using the model it is shown that the well-known neutral air turbulence in the presence of heavy dust particles and neutral air turbulence combined with dust density (dusty turbulence) can largely explain the observed radar cross-section at four radar frequencies. The effect of neutral air turbulence amplitude along with dust charging and diffusion in the presence of various dust parameters is investigated using the computational model. Specifically, the response of diffusion to charging time scales, plasma density fluctuation amplitude and background dusty plasma parameters are discussed. Several key parameters in the dusty plasma responsible for the PMSE observations are determined. Qualitative comparison of radar echo strength at 4 frequencies with numerical results is provided. Unlike the previous studies that required large dust particles of 20 nm for PMSE formation, the present work demonstrates the possibility of small dust particles to explain the experimental observations.
KW - Electrical and Electronic Engineering
KW - General Earth and Planetary Sciences
KW - Condensed Matter Physics
U2 - 10.1029/2021rs007371
DO - 10.1029/2021rs007371
M3 - Journal article
VL - 57
JO - Radio Science
JF - Radio Science
SN - 0048-6604
IS - 2
M1 - e2021RS007371
ER -