TY - JOUR

T1 - Progenitor and close-in circumstellar medium of type II supernova 2020fqv from high-cadence photometry and ultra-rapid UV spectroscopy

AU - Tinyanont, Samaporn

AU - Ridden-Harper, R

AU - Foley, R J

AU - Morozova, V

AU - Kilpatrick, C D

AU - Dimitriadis, G

AU - DeMarchi, L

AU - Gagliano, A

AU - Jacobson-Galán, W V

AU - Messick, A

AU - Pierel, J D R

AU - Piro, A L

AU - Ramirez-Ruiz, E

AU - Siebert, M R

AU - Chambers, K C

AU - Clever, K E

AU - Coulter, D A

AU - De, K

AU - Hankins, M

AU - Hung, T

AU - Jha, S W

AU - Jimenez Angel, C E

AU - Jones, D O

AU - Kasliwal, M M

AU - Lin, C-C

AU - Marques-Chaves, R

AU - Margutti, R

AU - Moore, A

AU - Pérez-Fournon, I

AU - Poidevin, F

AU - Rest, A

AU - Shirley, R

AU - Smith, C S

AU - Strasburger, E

AU - Swift, J J

AU - Wainscoat, R J

AU - Wang, Q

AU - Zenati, Y

PY - 2022/5/1

Y1 - 2022/5/1

N2 - We present observations of SN 2020fqv, a Virgo-cluster type II core-collapse supernova (CCSN) with a high temporal resolution light curve from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) covering the time of explosion; ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) starting 3.3 d post-explosion; ground-based spectroscopic observations starting 1.1 d post-explosion; along with extensive photometric observations. Massive stars have complicated mass-loss histories leading up to their death as CCSNe, creating circumstellar medium (CSM) with which the SNe interact. Observations during the first few days post-explosion can provide important information about the mass-loss rate during the late stages of stellar evolution. Model fits to the quasi-bolometric light curve of SN 2020fqv reveal 0.23 M⊙ of CSM confined within 1450 R⊙ (1014 cm) from its progenitor star. Early spectra (<4 d post-explosion), both from HST and ground-based observatories, show emission features from high-ionization metal species from the outer, optically thin part of this CSM. We find that the CSM is consistent with an eruption caused by the injection of ∼5 × 1046 erg into the stellar envelope ∼300 d pre-explosion, potentially from a nuclear burning instability at the onset of oxygen burning. Light-curve fitting, nebular spectroscopy, and pre-explosion HST imaging consistently point to a red supergiant (RSG) progenitor with MZAMS ≈ 13.5-15 M⊙, typical for SN II progenitor stars. This finding demonstrates that a typical RSG, like the progenitor of SN 2020fqv, has a complicated mass-loss history immediately before core collapse.

AB - We present observations of SN 2020fqv, a Virgo-cluster type II core-collapse supernova (CCSN) with a high temporal resolution light curve from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) covering the time of explosion; ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) starting 3.3 d post-explosion; ground-based spectroscopic observations starting 1.1 d post-explosion; along with extensive photometric observations. Massive stars have complicated mass-loss histories leading up to their death as CCSNe, creating circumstellar medium (CSM) with which the SNe interact. Observations during the first few days post-explosion can provide important information about the mass-loss rate during the late stages of stellar evolution. Model fits to the quasi-bolometric light curve of SN 2020fqv reveal 0.23 M⊙ of CSM confined within 1450 R⊙ (1014 cm) from its progenitor star. Early spectra (<4 d post-explosion), both from HST and ground-based observatories, show emission features from high-ionization metal species from the outer, optically thin part of this CSM. We find that the CSM is consistent with an eruption caused by the injection of ∼5 × 1046 erg into the stellar envelope ∼300 d pre-explosion, potentially from a nuclear burning instability at the onset of oxygen burning. Light-curve fitting, nebular spectroscopy, and pre-explosion HST imaging consistently point to a red supergiant (RSG) progenitor with MZAMS ≈ 13.5-15 M⊙, typical for SN II progenitor stars. This finding demonstrates that a typical RSG, like the progenitor of SN 2020fqv, has a complicated mass-loss history immediately before core collapse.

KW - stars: mass-loss

KW - stars: massive

KW - supernovae: individual: SN 2020fqv

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stab2887

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stab2887

M3 - Journal article

VL - 512

SP - 2777

EP - 2797

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 2

ER -