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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Review article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Review article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Progress in cooling nanoelectronic devices to ultra-low temperatures
AU - Jones, Alexander
AU - Scheller, Christian
AU - Prance, Jonathan
AU - Kalyoncu, Yemliha
AU - Zumbühl, Dominik
AU - Haley, Richard
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Here we review recent progress in cooling micro/nanoelectronic devices significantly below 10 mK. A number of groups worldwide are working to produce sub-millikelvin on-chip electron temperatures, motivated by the possibility of observing new physical effects and improving the performance of quantum technologies, sensors and metrological standards. The challenge is a longstanding one, with the lowest reported on-chip electron temperature having remained around 4 mK for more than 15 years. This is despite the fact that microkelvin temperatures have been accessible in bulk materials since the mid 20th century. In this review we describe progress made in the last five years using new cooling techniques. Developments have been driven by improvements in the understanding of nanoscale physics, material properties and heat flow in electronic devices at ultralow temperatures, and have involved collaboration between universities and institutes, physicists and engineers. We hope that this review will serve as a summary of the current state-of-the-art, and provide a roadmap for future developments. We focus on techniques that have shown, in experiment, the potential to reach sub-millikelvin electron temperatures. In particular, we focus on on-chip demagnetisation refrigeration. Multiple groups have used this technique to reach temperatures around 1 mK, with a current lowest temperature below 0.5 mK.
AB - Here we review recent progress in cooling micro/nanoelectronic devices significantly below 10 mK. A number of groups worldwide are working to produce sub-millikelvin on-chip electron temperatures, motivated by the possibility of observing new physical effects and improving the performance of quantum technologies, sensors and metrological standards. The challenge is a longstanding one, with the lowest reported on-chip electron temperature having remained around 4 mK for more than 15 years. This is despite the fact that microkelvin temperatures have been accessible in bulk materials since the mid 20th century. In this review we describe progress made in the last five years using new cooling techniques. Developments have been driven by improvements in the understanding of nanoscale physics, material properties and heat flow in electronic devices at ultralow temperatures, and have involved collaboration between universities and institutes, physicists and engineers. We hope that this review will serve as a summary of the current state-of-the-art, and provide a roadmap for future developments. We focus on techniques that have shown, in experiment, the potential to reach sub-millikelvin electron temperatures. In particular, we focus on on-chip demagnetisation refrigeration. Multiple groups have used this technique to reach temperatures around 1 mK, with a current lowest temperature below 0.5 mK.
U2 - 10.1007/s10909-020-02472-9
DO - 10.1007/s10909-020-02472-9
M3 - Review article
VL - 201
SP - 772
EP - 802
JO - Journal of Low Temperature Physics
JF - Journal of Low Temperature Physics
SN - 0022-2291
IS - 5
ER -