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Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?

Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN › Poster › peer-review

Published

Standard

Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets? / Caldwell, Elizabeth; Von Crammon-Taubadel, Noreen; Weale, Michael E. et al.
2004. 72 Poster session presented at 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Tampa, United States.

Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN › Poster › peer-review

Harvard

Caldwell, E, Von Crammon-Taubadel, N, Weale, ME & Thomas, MG 2004, 'Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?', 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Tampa, United States, 1/04/04 - 4/04/04 pp. 72. <https://www.physanth.org/documents/18/ajpa2004.pdf>

APA

Caldwell, E., Von Crammon-Taubadel, N., Weale, M. E., & Thomas, M. G. (2004). Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?. 72. Poster session presented at 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Tampa, United States. https://www.physanth.org/documents/18/ajpa2004.pdf

Vancouver

Caldwell E, Von Crammon-Taubadel N, Weale ME, Thomas MG. Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?. 2004. Poster session presented at 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Tampa, United States.

Author

Caldwell, Elizabeth ; Von Crammon-Taubadel, Noreen ; Weale, Michael E. et al. / Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?. Poster session presented at 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Tampa, United States.1 p.

Bibtex

@conference{2c76dbe188de4902905caa5ca1d0b326,
title = "Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?",
abstract = "The transition to agriculture in the Neolithic period brought about an increase in starch, in the human diet. This study examines whether genetic adaptation to changes in the amount of starch ingested has occurred in humans. Starch digestion begins in the mouth where it is hydrolysed into smaller polysaccharides by the enzyme salivary amylase. Three salivary amylase genes (AMY1A, B & C) and a psuedogene (AMYP1) have been described and are located in tandem on the short arm of chromosome 1. Polymorphic variation has been demonstrated in Caucasian populations in the form of the number of repeats of the AMY1 genes, as follows: (1A-1B-P1)n-1C. This variation results in differing levels salivary amylase enzyme production and, as a result, differences in the efficiency of starch digestion. We have designed a reliable high-throughput PCR based method, using ABI GeneScan technology, to quantify AMY1 gene copy number and to type 6 microsatellite markers closely linked to the AMY gene cluster. Data has been collected for 14 human populations, each with different histories of cereal agriculture and levels of starch in the diet. This data has been analysed using two approaches - a) comparing FST, based on AMY1 repeat number allele frequencies, to a null distribution of FST for neutral markers to gauge evidence for directional selection in different populations; b) examination of intra-allelic variability using microsatellite haplotypes associated with different AMY1 repeat number alleles, to test for differences in selective forces operating on different alleles in the same population. ",
author = "Elizabeth Caldwell and {Von Crammon-Taubadel}, Noreen and Weale, {Michael E.} and Thomas, {Mark G.}",
year = "2004",
language = "English",
pages = "72",
note = " 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists ; Conference date: 01-04-2004 Through 04-04-2004",

}

RIS

TY - CONF

T1 - Salivary amylase gene copy number: Have humans adapted to high starch diets?

AU - Caldwell, Elizabeth

AU - Von Crammon-Taubadel, Noreen

AU - Weale, Michael E.

AU - Thomas, Mark G.

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - The transition to agriculture in the Neolithic period brought about an increase in starch, in the human diet. This study examines whether genetic adaptation to changes in the amount of starch ingested has occurred in humans. Starch digestion begins in the mouth where it is hydrolysed into smaller polysaccharides by the enzyme salivary amylase. Three salivary amylase genes (AMY1A, B & C) and a psuedogene (AMYP1) have been described and are located in tandem on the short arm of chromosome 1. Polymorphic variation has been demonstrated in Caucasian populations in the form of the number of repeats of the AMY1 genes, as follows: (1A-1B-P1)n-1C. This variation results in differing levels salivary amylase enzyme production and, as a result, differences in the efficiency of starch digestion. We have designed a reliable high-throughput PCR based method, using ABI GeneScan technology, to quantify AMY1 gene copy number and to type 6 microsatellite markers closely linked to the AMY gene cluster. Data has been collected for 14 human populations, each with different histories of cereal agriculture and levels of starch in the diet. This data has been analysed using two approaches - a) comparing FST, based on AMY1 repeat number allele frequencies, to a null distribution of FST for neutral markers to gauge evidence for directional selection in different populations; b) examination of intra-allelic variability using microsatellite haplotypes associated with different AMY1 repeat number alleles, to test for differences in selective forces operating on different alleles in the same population.

AB - The transition to agriculture in the Neolithic period brought about an increase in starch, in the human diet. This study examines whether genetic adaptation to changes in the amount of starch ingested has occurred in humans. Starch digestion begins in the mouth where it is hydrolysed into smaller polysaccharides by the enzyme salivary amylase. Three salivary amylase genes (AMY1A, B & C) and a psuedogene (AMYP1) have been described and are located in tandem on the short arm of chromosome 1. Polymorphic variation has been demonstrated in Caucasian populations in the form of the number of repeats of the AMY1 genes, as follows: (1A-1B-P1)n-1C. This variation results in differing levels salivary amylase enzyme production and, as a result, differences in the efficiency of starch digestion. We have designed a reliable high-throughput PCR based method, using ABI GeneScan technology, to quantify AMY1 gene copy number and to type 6 microsatellite markers closely linked to the AMY gene cluster. Data has been collected for 14 human populations, each with different histories of cereal agriculture and levels of starch in the diet. This data has been analysed using two approaches - a) comparing FST, based on AMY1 repeat number allele frequencies, to a null distribution of FST for neutral markers to gauge evidence for directional selection in different populations; b) examination of intra-allelic variability using microsatellite haplotypes associated with different AMY1 repeat number alleles, to test for differences in selective forces operating on different alleles in the same population.

M3 - Poster

SP - 72

T2 - 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists

Y2 - 1 April 2004 through 4 April 2004

ER -