Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Slow-speed supernovae from the Palomar transient factory
T2 - two channels
AU - White, Christopher J.
AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.
AU - Nugent, Peter E.
AU - Gal-Yam, Avishay
AU - Howell, D. Andrew
AU - Sullivan, Mark
AU - Goobar, Ariel
AU - Piro, Anthony L.
AU - Bloom, Joshua S.
AU - Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
AU - Laher, Russ R.
AU - Masci, Frank
AU - Ofek, Eran O.
AU - Surace, Jason
AU - Ben-Ami, Sagi
AU - Cao, Yi
AU - Cenko, S. Bradley
AU - Hook, Isobel M.
AU - Jonsson, Jakob
AU - Matheson, Thomas
AU - Sternberg, Assaf
AU - Quimby, Robert M.
AU - Yaron, Ofer
PY - 2015/1/20
Y1 - 2015/1/20
N2 - Since the discovery of the unusual prototype SN 2002cx, the eponymous class of Type I (hydrogen-poor) supernovae with low ejecta speeds has grown to include approximately two dozen members identified from several heterogeneous surveys, in some cases ambiguously. Here we present the results of a systematic study of 1077 Type I supernovae discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory, leading to nine new members of this peculiar class. Moreover, we find there are two distinct subclasses based on their spectroscopic, photometric, and host galaxy properties: "SN 2002cx-like" supernovae tend to be in later-type or more irregular hosts, have more varied and generally dimmer luminosities, have longer rise times, and lack a Ti II trough when compared to "SN 2002es-like" supernovae. None of our objects show helium, and we counter a previous claim of two such events. We also find that the occurrence rate of these transients relative to Type Ia supernovae is 5.6(-3.8)(+22) % (90% confidence), lower compared to earlier estimates. Combining our objects with the literature sample, we propose that these subclasses have two distinct physical origins.
AB - Since the discovery of the unusual prototype SN 2002cx, the eponymous class of Type I (hydrogen-poor) supernovae with low ejecta speeds has grown to include approximately two dozen members identified from several heterogeneous surveys, in some cases ambiguously. Here we present the results of a systematic study of 1077 Type I supernovae discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory, leading to nine new members of this peculiar class. Moreover, we find there are two distinct subclasses based on their spectroscopic, photometric, and host galaxy properties: "SN 2002cx-like" supernovae tend to be in later-type or more irregular hosts, have more varied and generally dimmer luminosities, have longer rise times, and lack a Ti II trough when compared to "SN 2002es-like" supernovae. None of our objects show helium, and we counter a previous claim of two such events. We also find that the occurrence rate of these transients relative to Type Ia supernovae is 5.6(-3.8)(+22) % (90% confidence), lower compared to earlier estimates. Combining our objects with the literature sample, we propose that these subclasses have two distinct physical origins.
KW - supernovae: general
KW - supernovae: individual (iPTF 13an, PTF 09ego, PTF 09eiy, PTF 09eoi, PTF 10xk, PTF 10bvr, PTF 10ujn, PTF 10acdh, PTF 11hyh
KW - SN 2002cx, SN 2002es)
KW - surveys
KW - techniques: spectroscopic
KW - MASS WHITE-DWARFS
KW - IA SUPERNOVAE
KW - LIGHT CURVES
KW - DETONATION SUPERNOVAE
KW - LOW-LUMINOSITY
KW - II SUPERNOVAE
KW - REDSHIFT DATA
KW - LOW-VELOCITY
KW - SN 2008HA
KW - GALAXIES
U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/52
DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/52
M3 - Journal article
VL - 799
JO - The Astrophysical Journal
JF - The Astrophysical Journal
SN - 0004-637X
IS - 1
M1 - 52
ER -