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Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run

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Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run. / The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration.
In: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 980, No. 2, 207, 20.02.2025.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration 2025, 'Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run', The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 980, no. 2, 207. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749

APA

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration (2025). Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run. The Astrophysical Journal, 980(2), Article 207. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749

Vancouver

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration. Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run. The Astrophysical Journal. 2025 Feb 20;980(2):207. Epub 2025 Feb 14. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration. / Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run. In: The Astrophysical Journal. 2025 ; Vol. 980, No. 2.

Bibtex

@article{d06f24a44027429ab8f4ea96f6af39a4,
title = "Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run",
abstract = "We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum-likelihood Non-imaging Transient Reconstruction and Temporal Search pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15–350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10−3 Hz, we compute the GW–BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers.",
keywords = "Gamma-ray bursts, Transient detection, Gravitational waves",
author = "{The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration} and Hewitt, {A. L.}",
year = "2025",
month = feb,
day = "20",
doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749",
language = "English",
volume = "980",
journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",
issn = "0004-637X",
publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing",
number = "2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run

AU - The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration

AU - Hewitt, A. L.

PY - 2025/2/20

Y1 - 2025/2/20

N2 - We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum-likelihood Non-imaging Transient Reconstruction and Temporal Search pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15–350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10−3 Hz, we compute the GW–BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers.

AB - We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum-likelihood Non-imaging Transient Reconstruction and Temporal Search pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15–350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10−3 Hz, we compute the GW–BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers.

KW - Gamma-ray bursts

KW - Transient detection

KW - Gravitational waves

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749

M3 - Journal article

VL - 980

JO - The Astrophysical Journal

JF - The Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 2

M1 - 207

ER -