The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating

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https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7020029
Final published version
Available under license: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Keywords

modulated heating, ULF/ELF/VLF waves, Powerful HF waves, Ionospheric heating

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The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating. / Guo, Zhe; Fang, Hanxian; Honary, Farideh.
In: Universe, Vol. 7, No. 29, 29, 29.01.2021.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Review article › peer-review

Bibtex

@article{ad5f348b39ae433d84c4cc66b6d327a4,

title = "The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating",

abstract = "One of the most important effects of ionospheric modification by high power, high frequency (HF) waves is the generation of ultra low frequency/extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ULF/ELF/VLF) waves by modulated heating. This paper reviews the scientific achievements of the past five decades regarding the main mechanisms of excitation of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and discusses their characteristics, such as their electrojet dependency, the location of the source region, continuous and discontinuous waves, the number of HF arrays, and the suitable range of the modulation frequency for different proposed mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for future research in this area is presented.",

keywords = "modulated heating, ULF/ELF/VLF waves, Powerful HF waves, Ionospheric heating",

author = "Zhe Guo and Hanxian Fang and Farideh Honary",

year = "2021",

month = jan,

day = "29",

doi = "10.3390/universe7020029",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "Universe",

number = "29",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating

AU - Guo, Zhe

AU - Fang, Hanxian

AU - Honary, Farideh

PY - 2021/1/29

Y1 - 2021/1/29

N2 - One of the most important effects of ionospheric modification by high power, high frequency (HF) waves is the generation of ultra low frequency/extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ULF/ELF/VLF) waves by modulated heating. This paper reviews the scientific achievements of the past five decades regarding the main mechanisms of excitation of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and discusses their characteristics, such as their electrojet dependency, the location of the source region, continuous and discontinuous waves, the number of HF arrays, and the suitable range of the modulation frequency for different proposed mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for future research in this area is presented.

AB - One of the most important effects of ionospheric modification by high power, high frequency (HF) waves is the generation of ultra low frequency/extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ULF/ELF/VLF) waves by modulated heating. This paper reviews the scientific achievements of the past five decades regarding the main mechanisms of excitation of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and discusses their characteristics, such as their electrojet dependency, the location of the source region, continuous and discontinuous waves, the number of HF arrays, and the suitable range of the modulation frequency for different proposed mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for future research in this area is presented.

KW - modulated heating

KW - ULF/ELF/VLF waves

KW - Powerful HF waves

KW - Ionospheric heating

U2 - 10.3390/universe7020029

DO - 10.3390/universe7020029

M3 - Review article

VL - 7

JO - Universe

JF - Universe

IS - 29

M1 - 29

ER -

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