The increasing susceptibility of modern supply chains to disruptions has become a pressing concern for businesses worldwide. Globalisation, technological advancements, and the rise of a wide range of disruptions, from natural disasters to man-made disasters, have highlighted the need for a better approach to Supply Chain Disruption Management (SCDM). The recent emergence of Industry 4.0 technologies has promised new possibilities in enhancing SCDM. This systematic literature review reveals that while some Industry 4.0 technologies are being utilised to manage supply chain disruptions, a more comprehensive and strategic approach is needed, especially in light of global supply chain disruptions. The findings indicate that only 5 out of the 8 commonly discussed Industry 4.0 technologies are currently being utilised to manage supply chain disruptions with approaches primarily focused on robustness, resilience, and risk management, rather than advancing towards the more recent concepts such as antifragility, viability, and survivability. Drawing on the dynamic capabilities theory, this study introduces a novel middle-range theory elaborating how the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies can contribute to developing the antecedents required for each SCDM approach, ultimately benefiting both researchers and practitioners in the field of supply chain management.