TY - JOUR

T1 - The importance of individuals

T2 - intraspecific diversity of mycorrhizal plants and fungi in ecosystems

AU - Johnson, David

AU - Martin, Francis

AU - Cairney, John W. G.

AU - Anderson, Ian C.

PY - 2012/5/31

Y1 - 2012/5/31

N2 - A key component of biodiversity is the number and abundance of individuals (i.e. genotypes), and yet such intraspecific diversity is rarely considered when investigating the effects of biodiversity of mycorrhizal plants and fungi on ecosystem processes. Within a species, individuals vary considerably in important reproductive and functional attributes, including carbon fixation, mycelial growth and nutrient utilization, but this is driven by both genetic and environmental (including climatic) factors. The interactions between individual plants and mycorrhizal fungi can have important consequences for the maintenance of biodiversity and regulation of resource transfers in ecosystems. There is also emerging evidence that assemblages of genotypes may affect ecosystem processes to a similar extent as assemblages of species. The application of whole-genome sequencing and population genomics to mycorrhizal plants and fungi will be crucial to determine the extent to which individual variation in key functional attributes is genetically based. We argue the need to unravel the importance of the diversity (especially assemblages of different evenness and richness) of individuals of both mycorrhizal plants and fungi, and the need to take a ‘community genetics’ approach to better understand the functional significance of the biodiversity of mycorrhizal symbioses.

AB - A key component of biodiversity is the number and abundance of individuals (i.e. genotypes), and yet such intraspecific diversity is rarely considered when investigating the effects of biodiversity of mycorrhizal plants and fungi on ecosystem processes. Within a species, individuals vary considerably in important reproductive and functional attributes, including carbon fixation, mycelial growth and nutrient utilization, but this is driven by both genetic and environmental (including climatic) factors. The interactions between individual plants and mycorrhizal fungi can have important consequences for the maintenance of biodiversity and regulation of resource transfers in ecosystems. There is also emerging evidence that assemblages of genotypes may affect ecosystem processes to a similar extent as assemblages of species. The application of whole-genome sequencing and population genomics to mycorrhizal plants and fungi will be crucial to determine the extent to which individual variation in key functional attributes is genetically based. We argue the need to unravel the importance of the diversity (especially assemblages of different evenness and richness) of individuals of both mycorrhizal plants and fungi, and the need to take a ‘community genetics’ approach to better understand the functional significance of the biodiversity of mycorrhizal symbioses.

KW - arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)

KW - biodiversity

KW - ectomycorrhiza (ECM)

KW - ericoid mycorrhiza (ERM)

KW - evolution

KW - genetic diversity

KW - genotypic diversity

KW - phenotypic variation

U2 - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04087.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04087.x

M3 - Journal article

VL - 194

SP - 614

EP - 628

JO - New Phytologist

JF - New Phytologist

SN - 1469-8137

IS - 3

ER -