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The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors

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The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors. / Bruch, Rachel J.; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Yaron, Ofer et al.
In: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 952, No. 2, 119, 01.08.2023.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Bruch, RJ, Gal-Yam, A, Yaron, O, Chen, P, Strotjohann, NL, Irani, I, Zimmerman, E, Schulze, S, Yang, Y, Kim, Y-L, Bulla, M, Sollerman, J, Rigault, M, Ofek, E, Soumagnac, M, Masci, FJ, Fremling, C, Perley, D, Nordin, J, Cenko, SB, Ho, AYQ, Adams, S, Adreoni, I, Bellm, EC, Blagorodnova, N, Burdge, K, De, K, Dekany, RG, Dhawan, S, Drake, AJ, Duev, DA, Graham, M, Graham, ML, Jencson, J, Karamehmetoglu, E, Kasliwal, MM, Kulkarni, S, Miller, AA, Neill, JD, Prince, TA, Riddle, R, Rusholme, B, Sharma, Y, Smith, R, Sravan, N, Taggart, K, Walters, R & Yan, L 2023, 'The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors', The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 952, no. 2, 119. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be

APA

Bruch, R. J., Gal-Yam, A., Yaron, O., Chen, P., Strotjohann, N. L., Irani, I., Zimmerman, E., Schulze, S., Yang, Y., Kim, Y-L., Bulla, M., Sollerman, J., Rigault, M., Ofek, E., Soumagnac, M., Masci, F. J., Fremling, C., Perley, D., Nordin, J., ... Yan, L. (2023). The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors. The Astrophysical Journal, 952(2), Article 119. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be

Vancouver

Bruch RJ, Gal-Yam A, Yaron O, Chen P, Strotjohann NL, Irani I et al. The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors. The Astrophysical Journal. 2023 Aug 1;952(2):119. Epub 2023 Jul 21. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be

Author

Bruch, Rachel J. ; Gal-Yam, Avishay ; Yaron, Ofer et al. / The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors. In: The Astrophysical Journal. 2023 ; Vol. 952, No. 2.

Bibtex

@article{36e15bf4a31e406a96cba37db625ca95,
title = "The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors",
abstract = "Narrow transient emission lines (flash-ionization features) in early supernova (SN) spectra trace the presence of circumstellar material (CSM) around the massive progenitor stars of core-collapse SNe. The lines disappear within days after the SN explosion, suggesting that this material is spatially confined, and originates from enhanced mass loss shortly (months to a few years) prior to the explosion. We performed a systematic survey of H-rich (Type II) SNe discovered within less than 2 days from the explosion during the first phase of the Zwicky Transient Facility survey (2018–2020), finding 30 events for which a first spectrum was obtained within 36% at the 95% confidence level) confirms that elevated mass loss in massive stars prior to SN explosion is common. We find that SNe II showing flash-ionization features are not significantly brighter, nor bluer, nor more slowly rising than those without. This implies that CSM interaction does not contribute significantly to their early continuum emission, and that the CSM is likely optically thin. We measured the persistence duration of flash-ionization emission and find that most SNe show flash features for ≈5 days. Rarer events, with persistence timescales >10 days, are brighter and rise longer, suggesting these may be intermediate between regular SNe II and strongly interacting SNe IIn.",
keywords = "Massive stars, Supernovae, Type II supernovae, Core-collapse supernovae, Circumstellar matter",
author = "Bruch, {Rachel J.} and Avishay Gal-Yam and Ofer Yaron and Ping Chen and Strotjohann, {Nora L.} and Ido Irani and Erez Zimmerman and Steve Schulze and Yi Yang and Young-Lo Kim and Mattia Bulla and Jesper Sollerman and Mickael Rigault and Eran Ofek and Maayane Soumagnac and Masci, {Frank J.} and Christoffer Fremling and Daniel Perley and Jakob Nordin and Cenko, {S. Bradley} and Ho, {Anna Y. Q.} and S. Adams and Igor Adreoni and Bellm, {Eric C.} and Nadia Blagorodnova and Kevin Burdge and Kishalay De and Dekany, {Richard G.} and Suhail Dhawan and Drake, {Andrew J.} and Duev, {Dmitry A.} and Matthew Graham and Graham, {Melissa L.} and Jacob Jencson and Emir Karamehmetoglu and Kasliwal, {Mansi M.} and Shrinivas Kulkarni and Miller, {A. A.} and Neill, {James D.} and Prince, {Thomas A.} and Reed Riddle and Benjamin Rusholme and Y. Sharma and Roger Smith and Niharika Sravan and Kirsty Taggart and Richard Walters and Lin Yan",
year = "2023",
month = aug,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be",
language = "English",
volume = "952",
journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",
issn = "0004-637X",
publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing",
number = "2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Prevalence and Influence of Circumstellar Material around Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors

AU - Bruch, Rachel J.

AU - Gal-Yam, Avishay

AU - Yaron, Ofer

AU - Chen, Ping

AU - Strotjohann, Nora L.

AU - Irani, Ido

AU - Zimmerman, Erez

AU - Schulze, Steve

AU - Yang, Yi

AU - Kim, Young-Lo

AU - Bulla, Mattia

AU - Sollerman, Jesper

AU - Rigault, Mickael

AU - Ofek, Eran

AU - Soumagnac, Maayane

AU - Masci, Frank J.

AU - Fremling, Christoffer

AU - Perley, Daniel

AU - Nordin, Jakob

AU - Cenko, S. Bradley

AU - Ho, Anna Y. Q.

AU - Adams, S.

AU - Adreoni, Igor

AU - Bellm, Eric C.

AU - Blagorodnova, Nadia

AU - Burdge, Kevin

AU - De, Kishalay

AU - Dekany, Richard G.

AU - Dhawan, Suhail

AU - Drake, Andrew J.

AU - Duev, Dmitry A.

AU - Graham, Matthew

AU - Graham, Melissa L.

AU - Jencson, Jacob

AU - Karamehmetoglu, Emir

AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.

AU - Kulkarni, Shrinivas

AU - Miller, A. A.

AU - Neill, James D.

AU - Prince, Thomas A.

AU - Riddle, Reed

AU - Rusholme, Benjamin

AU - Sharma, Y.

AU - Smith, Roger

AU - Sravan, Niharika

AU - Taggart, Kirsty

AU - Walters, Richard

AU - Yan, Lin

PY - 2023/8/1

Y1 - 2023/8/1

N2 - Narrow transient emission lines (flash-ionization features) in early supernova (SN) spectra trace the presence of circumstellar material (CSM) around the massive progenitor stars of core-collapse SNe. The lines disappear within days after the SN explosion, suggesting that this material is spatially confined, and originates from enhanced mass loss shortly (months to a few years) prior to the explosion. We performed a systematic survey of H-rich (Type II) SNe discovered within less than 2 days from the explosion during the first phase of the Zwicky Transient Facility survey (2018–2020), finding 30 events for which a first spectrum was obtained within 36% at the 95% confidence level) confirms that elevated mass loss in massive stars prior to SN explosion is common. We find that SNe II showing flash-ionization features are not significantly brighter, nor bluer, nor more slowly rising than those without. This implies that CSM interaction does not contribute significantly to their early continuum emission, and that the CSM is likely optically thin. We measured the persistence duration of flash-ionization emission and find that most SNe show flash features for ≈5 days. Rarer events, with persistence timescales >10 days, are brighter and rise longer, suggesting these may be intermediate between regular SNe II and strongly interacting SNe IIn.

AB - Narrow transient emission lines (flash-ionization features) in early supernova (SN) spectra trace the presence of circumstellar material (CSM) around the massive progenitor stars of core-collapse SNe. The lines disappear within days after the SN explosion, suggesting that this material is spatially confined, and originates from enhanced mass loss shortly (months to a few years) prior to the explosion. We performed a systematic survey of H-rich (Type II) SNe discovered within less than 2 days from the explosion during the first phase of the Zwicky Transient Facility survey (2018–2020), finding 30 events for which a first spectrum was obtained within 36% at the 95% confidence level) confirms that elevated mass loss in massive stars prior to SN explosion is common. We find that SNe II showing flash-ionization features are not significantly brighter, nor bluer, nor more slowly rising than those without. This implies that CSM interaction does not contribute significantly to their early continuum emission, and that the CSM is likely optically thin. We measured the persistence duration of flash-ionization emission and find that most SNe show flash features for ≈5 days. Rarer events, with persistence timescales >10 days, are brighter and rise longer, suggesting these may be intermediate between regular SNe II and strongly interacting SNe IIn.

KW - Massive stars

KW - Supernovae

KW - Type II supernovae

KW - Core-collapse supernovae

KW - Circumstellar matter

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/acd8be

M3 - Journal article

VL - 952

JO - The Astrophysical Journal

JF - The Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 2

M1 - 119

ER -