TY - JOUR

T1 - Theta and alpha connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder

AU - Barnes, Samuel J K

AU - Thomas, Megan

AU - McClintock, Peter V E

AU - Stefanovska, Aneta

PY - 2025/2/28

Y1 - 2025/2/28

N2 - Spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) measurements have demonstrated putative variations in the neural connectivity of subjects with autism spectrum disorder, as compared to neurotypical individuals. However, the exact nature of these connectivity differences has remained unknown, a question that we now address. Resting-state, eyes-open EEG data were recorded over twenty-minutes from a cohort of 13 males aged 3-5 years with autism spectrum disorder, and nine neurotypical individuals as a control group. We use time-localised, phase-based methods of data analysis, including wavelet phase coherence and dynamical Bayesian inference. Several 3-minute signal segments were analysed to evaluate the reproducibility of the proposed measures. In the autism spectrum disorder cohort, we demonstrate a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in functional connectivity strength across all frontal probe pairs. In addition, the percentage of time during which frontal regions were coupled was significantly reduced in the autism spectrum disorder group compared to the control group. These changes remained consistent across repeated measurements. To further validate the findings, an additional resting state EEG dataset (eyes open and closed) from 67 individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 66 control group individuals (male, 5-15 years) was assessed. The functional connectivity results demonstrated a reduction in theta and alpha connectivity on a local, but not global, level. No association was found with age. The connectivity differences observed suggest the potential of theta and alpha connectivity as biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, the robustness to amplitude perturbations of the methods proposed here make them particularly suitable for the clinical assessment of autism spectrum disorder and of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

AB - Spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) measurements have demonstrated putative variations in the neural connectivity of subjects with autism spectrum disorder, as compared to neurotypical individuals. However, the exact nature of these connectivity differences has remained unknown, a question that we now address. Resting-state, eyes-open EEG data were recorded over twenty-minutes from a cohort of 13 males aged 3-5 years with autism spectrum disorder, and nine neurotypical individuals as a control group. We use time-localised, phase-based methods of data analysis, including wavelet phase coherence and dynamical Bayesian inference. Several 3-minute signal segments were analysed to evaluate the reproducibility of the proposed measures. In the autism spectrum disorder cohort, we demonstrate a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in functional connectivity strength across all frontal probe pairs. In addition, the percentage of time during which frontal regions were coupled was significantly reduced in the autism spectrum disorder group compared to the control group. These changes remained consistent across repeated measurements. To further validate the findings, an additional resting state EEG dataset (eyes open and closed) from 67 individuals with autism spectrum disorder and 66 control group individuals (male, 5-15 years) was assessed. The functional connectivity results demonstrated a reduction in theta and alpha connectivity on a local, but not global, level. No association was found with age. The connectivity differences observed suggest the potential of theta and alpha connectivity as biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, the robustness to amplitude perturbations of the methods proposed here make them particularly suitable for the clinical assessment of autism spectrum disorder and of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

U2 - 10.1093/braincomms/fcaf084

DO - 10.1093/braincomms/fcaf084

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 40070442

VL - 7

JO - Brain Communications

JF - Brain Communications

SN - 2632-1297

IS - 2

M1 - fcaf084

ER -