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Vortex-mediated relaxation of magnon BEC into light Higgs quasiparticles

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Article numberL032002
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>2/07/2021
<mark>Journal</mark>Physical Review Research
Issue number3
Volume3
Number of pages6
Publication StatusPublished
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

A magnon Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in superfluid 3He is a fine instrument for studying the surrounding macroscopic quantum system. At zero temperature, the BEC is subject to a few distinct forms of decay into other collective excitations, owing to momentum and energy conservation in a quantum vacuum. We study the vortex-Higgs mechanism: The vortices relax the requirement for momentum conservation, allowing the optical magnons of the BEC to transform into light Higgs quasiparticles. This facilitates a direct measurement of the dimensions of the B-phase double-core vortex, providing experimental access to elusive phenomena, such as the Kelvin wave cascade and core-bound Majorana fermions. Our paper expands the spectrum of possible interactions between magnetic quasiparticles in 3He−B and lays the groundwork for building magnon-based quantum devices.