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ZTF SN Ia DR2: The diversity and relative rates of the thermonuclear supernova population

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  • U. Burgaz
  • M. Deckers
  • K. Maguire
  • J. Johansson
  • M. Rigault
  • C. Frohmaier
  • J. Sollerman
  • L. Galbany
  • C. Liu
  • A.A. Miller
  • P.E. Nugent
  • A. Alburai
  • P. Chen
  • S. Dhawan
  • M. Ginolin
  • A. Goobar
  • S.L. Groom
  • L. Harvey
  • W.D. Kenworthy
  • S.R. Kulkarni
  • K. Phan
  • B. Popovic
  • R.L. Riddle
  • B. Rusholme
  • T.E. Müller-Bravo
  • J. Nordin
  • J.H. Terwel
  • A. Townsend
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Article numberA10
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>28/02/2025
<mark>Journal</mark>Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume694
Number of pages19
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date14/02/25
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

The Zwicky Transient Facility SN Ia Data Release 2 (ZTF SN Ia DR2) contains more than 3000 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), providing the largest homogeneous low-redshift sample of SNe Ia. Having at least one spectrum per event, this data collection is ideal for large-scale statistical studies of the photometric, spectroscopic and host-galaxy properties of SNe Ia, particularly of the rarer peculiar'sub-classes. In this paper we first present the method we developed to spectroscopically classify the SNe in the sample, and the techniques we used to model their multi-band light curves and explore their photometric properties. We then show a method to distinguish between the peculiar sub-types and the normal SNe Ia. We also explore the properties of their host galaxies and estimate their relative rates, focusing on the peculiar sub-types and their connection to the cosmologically useful SNe Ia. Finally, we discuss the implications of our study with respect to the progenitor systems of the peculiar SN Ia events.