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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A Synthesis Inversion to Constrain Global Emissions of Two Very Short Lived Chlorocarbons: Dichloromethane, and Perchloroethylene
AU - Claxton, Tom
AU - Hossaini, Ryan
AU - Wilson, Chris
AU - Montzka, Stephen A.
AU - Chipperfield, Martyn P.
AU - Wild, Oliver
AU - Bednarz, Ewa
AU - Carpenter, Lucy
AU - Andrews, Stephen
AU - Hackenberg, Sina
AU - Mühle, Jens
AU - Oram, David
AU - Park, Sunyoung
AU - Park, Mi-Kyung
AU - Atlas, Elliot
AU - Navarro, Maria
AU - Schauffler, Sue
AU - Sherry, David
AU - Vollmer, Martin
AU - Schuck, Tanja
AU - Engel, Andreas
AU - Krummel, Paul B.
AU - Maione, Michela
AU - Arduini, Jgor
AU - Saito, Takuya
AU - Yokouchi, Yoko
AU - O'Doherty, Simon
AU - Young, Dickon
AU - Lunder, Chris
PY - 2020/6/27
Y1 - 2020/6/27
N2 - Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and perchloroethylene (C2Cl4) are chlorinated Very Short‐Lived Substances (Cl‐VSLS) with anthropogenic sources. Recent studies highlight the increasing influence of such compounds, particularly CH2Cl2, on the stratospheric chlorine budget and therefore on ozone depletion. Here, a multi‐year global‐scale synthesis inversion was performed to optimise CH2Cl2 (2006‐2017) and C2Cl4 (2007‐2017) emissions. The approach combines long‐term surface observations from global monitoring networks, output from a three‐dimensional chemical transport model (TOMCAT), and novel bottom‐up information on prior industry emissions. Our posterior results show an increase in global CH2Cl2 emissions from 637 ±36 Gg yr‐1 in 2006 to 1171 ±45 Gg yr‐1 in 2017, with Asian emissions accounting for 68% and 89% of these totals, respectively. In absolute terms, Asian CH2Cl2 emissions increased annually by 51 Gg yr‐1 over the study period, while European and North American emissions declined, indicating a continental‐scale shift in emission distribution since the mid‐2000s. For C2Cl4, we estimate a decrease in global emissions from 141 ±14 Gg yr‐1 in 2007 to 106 ±12 Gg yr‐1 in 2017. The time‐varying posterior emissions offer significant improvements over the prior. Utilising the posterior emissions leads to modelled tropospheric CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4 abundances and trends in good agreement to those observed (including independent observations to the inversion). A shorter C2Cl4 lifetime, from including an uncertain Cl sink, leads to larger global C2Cl4 emissions by a factor of ~1.5, which in some places improves model‐measurement agreement. The sensitivity of our findings to assumptions in the inversion procedure, including CH2Cl2 oceanic emissions, is discussed.
AB - Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and perchloroethylene (C2Cl4) are chlorinated Very Short‐Lived Substances (Cl‐VSLS) with anthropogenic sources. Recent studies highlight the increasing influence of such compounds, particularly CH2Cl2, on the stratospheric chlorine budget and therefore on ozone depletion. Here, a multi‐year global‐scale synthesis inversion was performed to optimise CH2Cl2 (2006‐2017) and C2Cl4 (2007‐2017) emissions. The approach combines long‐term surface observations from global monitoring networks, output from a three‐dimensional chemical transport model (TOMCAT), and novel bottom‐up information on prior industry emissions. Our posterior results show an increase in global CH2Cl2 emissions from 637 ±36 Gg yr‐1 in 2006 to 1171 ±45 Gg yr‐1 in 2017, with Asian emissions accounting for 68% and 89% of these totals, respectively. In absolute terms, Asian CH2Cl2 emissions increased annually by 51 Gg yr‐1 over the study period, while European and North American emissions declined, indicating a continental‐scale shift in emission distribution since the mid‐2000s. For C2Cl4, we estimate a decrease in global emissions from 141 ±14 Gg yr‐1 in 2007 to 106 ±12 Gg yr‐1 in 2017. The time‐varying posterior emissions offer significant improvements over the prior. Utilising the posterior emissions leads to modelled tropospheric CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4 abundances and trends in good agreement to those observed (including independent observations to the inversion). A shorter C2Cl4 lifetime, from including an uncertain Cl sink, leads to larger global C2Cl4 emissions by a factor of ~1.5, which in some places improves model‐measurement agreement. The sensitivity of our findings to assumptions in the inversion procedure, including CH2Cl2 oceanic emissions, is discussed.
KW - vsls
KW - inversion
KW - emissions
KW - dichloromethane
KW - perchloroethylene
KW - montreal protocol
U2 - 10.1029/2019JD031818
DO - 10.1029/2019JD031818
M3 - Journal article
VL - 125
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
SN - 0747-7309
IS - 12
M1 - e2019JD031818
ER -