This study investigated the effects of individual word frequency, collocational frequency and association on L1 and L2 collocational processing. An acceptability judgment task was administered to L1 and L2 speakers of English. Response times were analysed using mixed- effects modelling for three types of adjective-noun pairs: (1) high-frequency, (2) low-frequency and (3) baseline items. This study extends previous research by examining if the effects of individual word and collocation frequency counts differ for L1 and L2 speakers’ processing of collocations. This study also compared to what extent L1 and L2 speakers’ response times are affected by mutual information and log dice scores, which are corpus-derived association measures. Both groups of participants demonstrated sensitivity to both individual word and collocation frequency counts. However, there was a reduced effects of individual word frequency counts for processing high-frequency collocations compared to low-frequency collocations. Both groups of participants were similarly sensitive to the association measures used.