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Dynamical phase transitions and instabilities in open atomic many-body systems

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Article number015702
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>2/07/2010
<mark>Journal</mark>Physical review letters
Issue number1
Volume105
Number of pages4
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date1/07/10
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

We discuss an open driven-dissipative many-body system, in which the competition of unitary Hamiltonian and dissipative Liouvillian dynamics leads to a nonequilibrium phase transition. It shares features of a quantum phase transition in that it is interaction driven, and of a classical phase transition, in that the ordered phase is continuously connected to a thermal state. We characterize the phase diagram and the critical behavior at the phase transition approached as a function of time. We find a novel fluctuation induced dynamical instability, which occurs at long wavelength as a consequence of a subtle dissipative renormalization effect on the speed of sound.