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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Endothelial-derived extracellular vesicles induce cerebrovascular dysfunction in inflammation
AU - Roig-Carles, D.
AU - Willms, E.
AU - Fontijn, R.D.
AU - Martinez-Pacheco, S.
AU - Mäger, I.
AU - de Vries, H.E.
AU - Hirst, M.
AU - Sharrack, B.
AU - Male, D.K.
AU - Hawkes, C.A.
AU - Romero, I.A.
PY - 2021/9/21
Y1 - 2021/9/21
N2 - Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a key hallmark in the pathology of many neu-roinflammatory disorders. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane-enclosed carriers of molecular cargo that are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Circulating endothelial EVs are increased in the plasma of patients with neurological disorders, and immune cell-derived EVs are known to modulate cerebrovascular functions. However, little is known about whether brain endothelial cell (BEC)-derived EVs themselves contribute to BBB dysfunction. Human cerebral micro-vascular cells (hCMEC/D3) were treated with TNFα and IFNy, and the EVs were isolated and char-acterised. The effect of EVs on BBB transendothelial resistance (TEER) and leukocyte adhesion in hCMEC/D3 cells was measured by electric substrate cell-substrate impedance sensing and the flow-based T-cell adhesion assay. EV-induced molecular changes in recipient hCMEC/D3 cells were an-alysed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. A stimulation of naïve hCMEC/D3 cells with small EVs (sEVs) reduced the TEER and increased the shear-resistant T-cell adhesion. The levels of microRNA-155, VCAM1 and ICAM1 were increased in sEV-treated hCMEC/D3 cells. Blocking the expression of VCAM1, but not of ICAM1, prevented sEV-mediated T-cell adhesion to brain endothelia. These results suggest that sEVs derived from inflamed BECs promote cerebrovascular dysfunction. These findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms involving neuroinflammatory disorders.
AB - Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a key hallmark in the pathology of many neu-roinflammatory disorders. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane-enclosed carriers of molecular cargo that are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Circulating endothelial EVs are increased in the plasma of patients with neurological disorders, and immune cell-derived EVs are known to modulate cerebrovascular functions. However, little is known about whether brain endothelial cell (BEC)-derived EVs themselves contribute to BBB dysfunction. Human cerebral micro-vascular cells (hCMEC/D3) were treated with TNFα and IFNy, and the EVs were isolated and char-acterised. The effect of EVs on BBB transendothelial resistance (TEER) and leukocyte adhesion in hCMEC/D3 cells was measured by electric substrate cell-substrate impedance sensing and the flow-based T-cell adhesion assay. EV-induced molecular changes in recipient hCMEC/D3 cells were an-alysed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. A stimulation of naïve hCMEC/D3 cells with small EVs (sEVs) reduced the TEER and increased the shear-resistant T-cell adhesion. The levels of microRNA-155, VCAM1 and ICAM1 were increased in sEV-treated hCMEC/D3 cells. Blocking the expression of VCAM1, but not of ICAM1, prevented sEV-mediated T-cell adhesion to brain endothelia. These results suggest that sEVs derived from inflamed BECs promote cerebrovascular dysfunction. These findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms involving neuroinflammatory disorders.
KW - Blood–brain barrier
KW - Cell-to-cell communication
KW - Exosomes
KW - Extracellular vesicles
KW - Neuroinflammation
U2 - 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091525
DO - 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091525
M3 - Journal article
VL - 13
JO - Pharmaceutics
JF - Pharmaceutics
SN - 1999-4923
IS - 9
M1 - 1525
ER -