TY - JOUR

T1 - Saponin-adjuvanted vaccine protects chickens against velogenic Newcastle disease virus

AU - El-Dabae, Wahid H

AU - Hussein, Hussein Aly

AU - Rohaim, Mohammed A

AU - El-Safty, Munir M

AU - Ata, Nagwa S

AU - Reda, Ismail M

PY - 2018/9/1

Y1 - 2018/9/1

N2 - Despite extensive vaccination campaigns, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) remains endemic in many countries worldwide, and factors that contribute to this failure include mismatched vaccines, partial immunization, and poor husbandry practices. In order to overcome the problem of genetic divergence between circulating field strains and vaccine strains, we saponin-adjuvanted an Egyptian field strain and assessed its safety and immunogenicity in chickens. Immunization of chickens with the vaccine followed by challenge with a velogenic reference strain revealed the potential of the saponin-adjuvanted vaccine to induce a strong immune response that resulted in complete protection of chickens. Importantly, in vaccinated chickens, virus shedding was abolished, providing an added advantage over the currently available commercial live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, which are unable to prevent shedding. A histopathological investigation demonstrated that the vaccinated chickens had less-severe lesions than challenged unvaccinated and mock-vaccinated chickens. We propose using this formulation as an alternative and improved NDV vaccine platform that can be exploited to control disease not only in Egypt but also in other disease-endemic countries.

AB - Despite extensive vaccination campaigns, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) remains endemic in many countries worldwide, and factors that contribute to this failure include mismatched vaccines, partial immunization, and poor husbandry practices. In order to overcome the problem of genetic divergence between circulating field strains and vaccine strains, we saponin-adjuvanted an Egyptian field strain and assessed its safety and immunogenicity in chickens. Immunization of chickens with the vaccine followed by challenge with a velogenic reference strain revealed the potential of the saponin-adjuvanted vaccine to induce a strong immune response that resulted in complete protection of chickens. Importantly, in vaccinated chickens, virus shedding was abolished, providing an added advantage over the currently available commercial live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, which are unable to prevent shedding. A histopathological investigation demonstrated that the vaccinated chickens had less-severe lesions than challenged unvaccinated and mock-vaccinated chickens. We propose using this formulation as an alternative and improved NDV vaccine platform that can be exploited to control disease not only in Egypt but also in other disease-endemic countries.

KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage

KW - Animals

KW - Animals, Newborn

KW - Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis

KW - Chickens

KW - Egypt

KW - Genotype

KW - Immunogenicity, Vaccine

KW - Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis

KW - Interleukin-6/biosynthesis

KW - Newcastle Disease/immunology

KW - Newcastle disease virus/drug effects

KW - Poultry Diseases/immunology

KW - Saponins/administration & dosage

KW - Survival Analysis

KW - Vaccination/methods

KW - Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage

KW - Virus Shedding/drug effects

U2 - 10.1007/s00705-018-3917-4

DO - 10.1007/s00705-018-3917-4

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29968048

VL - 163

SP - 2423

EP - 2432

JO - Archives of Virology

JF - Archives of Virology

SN - 0304-8608

IS - 9

ER -