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Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4. / Bradley, D. I.; Fear, M. J.; Fisher, S. N. et al.
In: Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 156, No. 3-6, 09.2009, p. 116-131.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Bradley, DI, Fear, MJ, Fisher, SN, Guénault, AM, Haley, RP, Lawson, CR, McClintock, PVE, Pickett, GR, Schanen, R, Tsepelin, V & Wheatland, LA 2009, 'Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4', Journal of Low Temperature Physics, vol. 156, no. 3-6, pp. 116-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

APA

Bradley, D. I., Fear, M. J., Fisher, S. N., Guénault, A. M., Haley, R. P., Lawson, C. R., McClintock, P. V. E., Pickett, G. R., Schanen, R., Tsepelin, V., & Wheatland, L. A. (2009). Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 156(3-6), 116-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

Vancouver

Bradley DI, Fear MJ, Fisher SN, Guénault AM, Haley RP, Lawson CR et al. Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4. Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 2009 Sept;156(3-6):116-131. doi: 10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

Author

Bradley, D. I. ; Fear, M. J. ; Fisher, S. N. et al. / Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4. In: Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 2009 ; Vol. 156, No. 3-6. pp. 116-131.

Bibtex

@article{0a8bf9c375ed42bda554d551d182f4e9,
title = "Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4",
abstract = "We have studied the resonance of a commercial quartz tuning fork immersed in superfluid He-4, at temperatures between 5 mK and 1 K, and at pressures between zero and 25 bar. The force-velocity curves for the tuning fork show a linear damping force at low velocities. On increasing velocity we see a transition corresponding to the appearance of extra drag due to quantized vortex lines in the superfluid. We loosely call this extra contribution {"}turbulent drag{"}. The turbulent drag force, obtained after subtracting a linear damping force, is independent of pressure and temperature below 1 K, and is easily fitted by an empirical formula. The transition from linear damping (laminar flow) occurs at a well-defined critical velocity that has the same value for the pressures and temperatures that we have measured. Later experiments using the same fork in a new cell revealed different behaviour, with the velocity stepping discontinuously at the transition, somewhat similar to previous observations on vibrating wire resonators and oscillating spheres. We compare and contrast the observed behaviour of the superfluid drag and inertial forces with that measured for vibrating wires.",
keywords = "Superfluid, Turbulence, Critical velocity, Tuning fork, VIBRATING-WIRE, QUANTUM TURBULENCE, LOW-TEMPERATURES, OSCILLATING MICROSPHERE, MK TEMPERATURES, HELIUM LIQUIDS, FLOW, HE-3-B, LAMINAR, GENERATION",
author = "Bradley, {D. I.} and Fear, {M. J.} and Fisher, {S. N.} and A.M. Gu{\'e}nault and Haley, {R. P.} and Lawson, {C. R.} and McClintock, {P. V. E.} and Pickett, {G. R.} and R. Schanen and V. Tsepelin and Wheatland, {L. A.}",
note = "The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3",
year = "2009",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3",
language = "English",
volume = "156",
pages = "116--131",
journal = "Journal of Low Temperature Physics",
issn = "0022-2291",
publisher = "SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS",
number = "3-6",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Transition to turbulence for a quartz tuning fork in superfluid He-4

AU - Bradley, D. I.

AU - Fear, M. J.

AU - Fisher, S. N.

AU - Guénault, A.M.

AU - Haley, R. P.

AU - Lawson, C. R.

AU - McClintock, P. V. E.

AU - Pickett, G. R.

AU - Schanen, R.

AU - Tsepelin, V.

AU - Wheatland, L. A.

N1 - The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

PY - 2009/9

Y1 - 2009/9

N2 - We have studied the resonance of a commercial quartz tuning fork immersed in superfluid He-4, at temperatures between 5 mK and 1 K, and at pressures between zero and 25 bar. The force-velocity curves for the tuning fork show a linear damping force at low velocities. On increasing velocity we see a transition corresponding to the appearance of extra drag due to quantized vortex lines in the superfluid. We loosely call this extra contribution "turbulent drag". The turbulent drag force, obtained after subtracting a linear damping force, is independent of pressure and temperature below 1 K, and is easily fitted by an empirical formula. The transition from linear damping (laminar flow) occurs at a well-defined critical velocity that has the same value for the pressures and temperatures that we have measured. Later experiments using the same fork in a new cell revealed different behaviour, with the velocity stepping discontinuously at the transition, somewhat similar to previous observations on vibrating wire resonators and oscillating spheres. We compare and contrast the observed behaviour of the superfluid drag and inertial forces with that measured for vibrating wires.

AB - We have studied the resonance of a commercial quartz tuning fork immersed in superfluid He-4, at temperatures between 5 mK and 1 K, and at pressures between zero and 25 bar. The force-velocity curves for the tuning fork show a linear damping force at low velocities. On increasing velocity we see a transition corresponding to the appearance of extra drag due to quantized vortex lines in the superfluid. We loosely call this extra contribution "turbulent drag". The turbulent drag force, obtained after subtracting a linear damping force, is independent of pressure and temperature below 1 K, and is easily fitted by an empirical formula. The transition from linear damping (laminar flow) occurs at a well-defined critical velocity that has the same value for the pressures and temperatures that we have measured. Later experiments using the same fork in a new cell revealed different behaviour, with the velocity stepping discontinuously at the transition, somewhat similar to previous observations on vibrating wire resonators and oscillating spheres. We compare and contrast the observed behaviour of the superfluid drag and inertial forces with that measured for vibrating wires.

KW - Superfluid

KW - Turbulence

KW - Critical velocity

KW - Tuning fork

KW - VIBRATING-WIRE

KW - QUANTUM TURBULENCE

KW - LOW-TEMPERATURES

KW - OSCILLATING MICROSPHERE

KW - MK TEMPERATURES

KW - HELIUM LIQUIDS

KW - FLOW

KW - HE-3-B

KW - LAMINAR

KW - GENERATION

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=68349091488&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

DO - 10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

M3 - Journal article

VL - 156

SP - 116

EP - 131

JO - Journal of Low Temperature Physics

JF - Journal of Low Temperature Physics

SN - 0022-2291

IS - 3-6

ER -